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– ɞɥɹ ɦɟɥɤɢɯ, ɫɪɟɞɧɢɯ ɢ ɤɪɭɩɧɵɯ ɩɟɫɤɨɜ – 0,1%;
– ɞɥɹ ɫɭɩɟɫɟɣ – 0,15%;
– ɞɥɹ ɫɭɝɥɢɧɤɨɜ – 0,20%;
– ɞɥɹ ɝɥɢɧ – 0,25%.
Ɂɟɪɤɚɥɨ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜɵɯ ɜɨɞ – ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜɵɯ ɜɨɞ, ɫɥɭɠɚɳɚɹ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɨɦ ɡɨɧɵ ɧɚ-
ɫɵɳɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɡɨɧɵ ɚɷɪɚɰɢɢ. Ɂɟɪɤɚɥɨ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜɵɯ ɜɨɞ:
– ɢɡɨɛɪɚɠɚɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɚɪɬɵ ɝɢɞɪɨɢɡɨɝɢɩɫ;
– ɩɨɞɜɟɪɠɟɧɨ ɫɭɬɨɱɧɵɦ, ɫɟɡɨɧɧɵɦ ɢ ɝɨɞɨɜɵɦ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɦ;
– ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɧɨɣ ɤɚɣɦɨɣ.
Ɂɨɥɨɲɥɚɤɢ – ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɵ ɤɨɦɩɥɟɤɫɧɨɝɨ ɬɟɪɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɝɨɪɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɞ ɢ
ɫɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ.
Ɂɨɥɵ – ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬ ɫɠɢɝɚɧɢɹ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɝɨ ɬɨɩɥɢɜɚ.
ɂɧɞɟɤɫ ɩɪɟɞɲɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɭɜɥɚɠɧɟɧɢɹ – ɭɫɥɨɜɧɚɹ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ, ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟ-
ɪɢɡɭɸɳɚɹ ɜɨɞɨɧɚɫɵɳɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɱɜɵ ɩɪɟɞɲɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɨɫɚɞɤɚɦɢ.
Ʉɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɧɨɫɬɶ – ɧɚɥɢɱɢɟ ɜ ɝɪɭɧɬɟ ɦɟɥɤɢɯ ɩɨɪ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɫɟɱɟɧɢɹ, ɮɨɪɦɵ ɢ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɚ-
ɰɢɢ ɜ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ, ɫɩɨɫɨɛɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɩɨɞɧɹɬɢɸ ɩɨ ɧɢɦ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɜɨɞɵ ɢɡ ɜɨ-
ɞɨɧɨɫɧɨɝɨ ɫɥɨɹ ɜ ɜɵɲɟɥɟɠɚɳɢɟ ɫɥɨɢ.
Ʉɨɧɫɢɫɬɟɧɰɢɹ – ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɚɫɬɢɰ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ, ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɧɚɹ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɫɨ-
ɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɧɟɦ ɜɨɞɵ. ɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɟɬ ɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɟ ɝɪɭɧɬɵ ɢ ɛɵɜɚɟɬ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɣ, ɩɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɣ ɢɥɢ
ɬɟɤɭɱɟɣ.
Ʉɨɪɚ ɜɵɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ – ɪɵɯɥɵɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɧɵɣ ɫɥɨɣ ɝɨɪɧɵɯ ɩɨɪɨɞ, ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɜɲɢɣɫɹ ɜ
ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɜɵɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ. ȼ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ ɤɨɪɵ ɜɵɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɯɨɞɹɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɢɟɫɹ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ
ɫɥɨɟ ɜɨɞɚ, ɜɨɡɞɭɯ ɢ ɠɢɜɵɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɵ. Ɉɛɵɱɧɨ ɤɨɪɚ ɜɵɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɣ ɫɨɫɬɚɜ.
Ɇɨɳɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɪɵ ɜɵɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɤɥɢɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɢ ɨɬ ɞɥɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɜɵɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ, ɟɫɬɶ ɦɟɫɬɚ, ɝɞɟ ɤɨɪɚ ɜɵɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ. ȼ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɤɨ
-
ɪɚ ɜɵɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɛɵɱɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɢɬ ɜ ɩɨɱɜɭ. ɋ ɞɪɟɜɧɟɣ ɤɨɪɨɣ ɜɵɜɟɬɪɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɵ ɦɟɫɬɨ-
ɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɪɭɞ ɧɢɤɟɥɹ, ɠɟɥɟɡɚ, ɯɪɨɦɚ, ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɹ, ɮɨɫɮɨɪɚ, ɪɟɞɤɢɯ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɨɜ, ɡɨɥɨɬɚ ɢ ɞɪ.
Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɉɭɚɫɫɨɧɚ – ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɉɭɚɫɫɨɧɚ (ɛɨɤɨɜɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɲɢɪɟɧɢɹ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ),
ɨɞɧɚ ɢɡ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɝɨ ɬɟɥɚ, ɪɚɜɧɚɹ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɵɯ
ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɨɩɟɪɟɱɧɨɣ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚ ɬɟɥɚ
H
x
ɤ ɟɝɨ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɩɪɨ-
ɞɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ
H
z
, ɜɡɹɬɨɟ ɫ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɵɦ ɡɧɚɤɨɦ, ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ, ɟɫɥɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜɟɪɬɢ-
ɤɚɥɶɧɵɟ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɢɹ
V
z
.
Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɨɬɬɚɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɪɡɥɨɝɨ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ – ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɚ, ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɳɚɹ ɨɫɟɞɚɧɢɟ
ɝɪɭɧɬɚ, ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɦɟɧɶɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɩɪɢ ɩɪɨɬɚɢɜɚɧɢɢ.
Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɬɚɹɜɲɟɝɨ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ – ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɹ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ
ɩɨɞ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɨɣ.
Ʉɪɢɨɝɟɧɧɨɟ ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ – ɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɟ ɦɟɪɡɥɵɯ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ, ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧ-
ɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɪɚɫɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɜ ɧɢɯ ɥɶɞɚ.
Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɤɚ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ – ɪɚɡɞɟɥ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɤɢ ɫɵɩɭɱɢɯ ɫɪɟɞ, ɢɡɭɱɚɸɳɢɣ ɧɚɩɪɹɠɟɧɧɨ-
ɞɟɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɹ, ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɩɪɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɭɫɬɨɣɱɢɜɨɫɬɢ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ
ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ ɩɨɞ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɟɦ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɯ (ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ) ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ.
Ɇɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ – ɦɟɯɚɧɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɟ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ,
ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɡɭɸɬ ɢɯ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɞ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɨɣ.
Ɇɢɝɪɚɰɢɹ ɜɥɚɝɢ – ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɩɥɟɧɨɱɧɨɣ ɢ ɤɚɩɢɥɥɹɪɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ ɢɡ ɬɚɥɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɢ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ
ɜ ɩɪɨɦɟɪɡɚɸɳɭɸ, ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɸɳɟɟɫɹ ɨɛɟɡɜɨɠɢɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ, ɟɝɨ ɚɝɪɟɝɚɰɢɟɣ ɢ ɭɫɚɞɤɨɣ ɧɢ-
ɠɟ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɩɪɨɦɟɪɡɚɧɢɹ.
Ɇɨɞɭɥɶ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ – ɦɨɞɭɥɶ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ ɨɞɧɚ ɢɡ ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢ-
ɡɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɶ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɤɚɤ ɭɩɪɭɝɢɟ, ɬɚɤ ɢ ɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɟ ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ.
ɇɚɛɭɯɚɧɢɟ – ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ, ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɯ ɝɥɢɧɢɫɬɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢɰɵ, ɭɜɟɥɢɱɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ
ɨɛɴɟɦɟ ɩɪɢ ɭɜɥɚɠɧɟɧɢɢ.
100
ɇɚɢɦɟɧɶɲɚɹ ɜɥɚɝɨɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ – ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɜɥɚɝɢ, ɩɪɨɱɧɨ ɭɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɳɟɟɫɹ ɜ
ɝɪɭɧɬɟ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɝɨ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɫɬɟɤɚɧɢɹ ɝɪɚɜɢɬɚɰɢɨɧɧɨɣ ɜɨɞɵ.
ɇɚɦɵɜɧɵɟ ɝɪɭɧɬɵ – ɬɟɯɧɨɝɟɧɧɵɟ ɝɪɭɧɬɵ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɭɤɥɚɞɤɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜ-
ɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ ɝɢɞɪɨɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ.
ɇɚɫɵɩɧɵɟ ɝɪɭɧɬɵ – ɬɟɯɧɨɝɟɧɧɵɟ ɝɪɭɧɬɵ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɭɤɥɚɞɤɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜ-
ɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɬɪɚɧɫɩɨɪɬɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ, ɜɡɪɵɜɚ.
Ɉɫɚɞɤɢ
– ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɭɩɥɨɬɧɟɧɢɹ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ ɩɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢ-
ɟɦ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɯ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɤ ɢ ɜ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɥɭɱɚɹɯ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɟɫɚ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ, ɧɟ ɫɨɩɪɨɜɨɠɞɚɸɳɢɟ-
ɫɹ ɤɨɪɟɧɧɵɦ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɟɝɨ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ;
Ɉɫɟɞɚɧɢɹ – ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ, ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɦɵɟ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɨɣ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɵɯ ɢɫ-
ɤɨɩɚɟɦɵɯ, ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɝɢɞɪɨɝɟɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ, ɩɨɧɢɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɭɪɨɜɧɹ ɩɨɞɡɟɦɧɵɯ ɜɨɞ,
ɤɚɪɫɬɨɜɨ-ɫɭɮɮɨɡɢɨɧɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɦɢ ɢ ɬ. ɩ.;
Ɉɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɟ – ɨɛɥɚɫɬɶ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ, ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɳɚɹ ɞɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨɬ ɫɨɨɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ.
Ɉɬɤɨɫ – ɨɬɤɨɫɨɦ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɤɭɫɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɶ, ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɸɳɚɹ
ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɣ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜɵɣ ɦɚɫɫɢɜ, ɜɵɟɦɤɭ ɢɥɢ ɧɚɫɵɩɶ. Ɉɬɤɨɫɵ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɜɨɡɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɡ-
ɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɨɞɚ ɧɚɫɵɩɟɣ (ɞɨɪɨɠɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɬɧɨ, ɞɚɦɛɵ, ɡɟɦɥɹɧɵɟ ɩɥɨɬɢɧɵ ɢ. ɬ. ɞ.), ɜɵɟɦɨɤ (ɤɨɬ-
ɥɨɜɚɧɵ, ɬɪɚɧɲɟɢ, ɤɚɧɚɥɵ, ɤɚɪɶɟɪɵ ɢ ɬ.ɩ.) ɢɥɢ ɩɪɢ ɩɟɪɟɩɪɨɮɢɥɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɬɟɪɪɢɬɨɪɢɣ.
Ɉɯɥɚɠɞɟɧɧɵɣ ɝɪɭɧɬ – ɝɪɭɧɬ, ɢɦɟɸɳɢɣ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɭɸ ɬɟɦɩɟɪɚɬɭɪɭ ɢ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɳɢɣ
ɧɟɡɚɦɟɪɡɲɭɸ ɜɨɞɭ.
ɉɟɫɨɤ – ɧɟɫɜɹɡɧɵɣ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɶɧɵɣ ɝɪɭɧɬ, ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɦɚɫɫɚ ɱɚɫɬɢɰ ɪɚɡɦɟɪɨɦ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ 2 ɦɦ
ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɛɨɥɟɟ 50 %
0
p
I
.
ɉɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɦɟɪɡɥɵɣ ɝɪɭɧɬ – ɞɢɫɩɟɪɫɧɵɣ ɝɪɭɧɬ, ɫɰɟɦɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɣ ɥɶɞɨɦ, ɧɨ ɨɛɥɚ-
ɞɚɸɳɢɣ ɜɹɡɤɢɦɢ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɢ ɫɠɢɦɚɟɦɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɨɞ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɤɨɣ.
ɉɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ – ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɬɶ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɛɟɡ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɩɥɨɲɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɞ
ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɯ ɭɫɢɥɢɣ ɢ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɬɶ ɩɪɢɞɚɧɧɭɸ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ.
ɉɥɚɫɬɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ ɢɡɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɧɚɯɨɞɹɳɟɣɫɹ ɜ
ɝɪɭɧɬɟ ɜɨɞɵ.
ɉɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɶ – ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɫɫɵ ɬɜɟɪɞɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɢɰ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ ɤ ɢɯ ɨɛɴɟɦɭ. ɗɬɚ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ
ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɬ ɩɥɨɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɥɚɝɚɸɳɢɯ ɝɪɭɧɬ ɦɢɧɟɪɚɥɨɜ. Ʉɪɨɦɟ ɬɨɝɨ, ɪɚɡɥɢɱɚɸɬ ɟɳɟ ɧɟ-
ɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ, ɭɱɢɬɵɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɝɪɭɧɬɟ ɜɨɞɵ, ɝɚɡɨɜ ɢ ɬ. ɞ.
(ɨɛɴɟɦɧɚɹ ɦɚɫɫɚ ɫɤɟɥɟɬɚ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ, ɨɛɴɟɦɧɚɹ ɦɚɫɫɚ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɨ ɫɭɯɨɝɨ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ, ɨɛɴɟɦɧɚɹ ɦɚɫɫɚ
ɜɥɚɠɧɨɣ ɩɨɪɨɞɵ).
ɉɨɞɴɟɦɵ ɢ ɨɫɚɞɤɢ – ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ
ɩɪɢ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɢ ɢɯ ɜɥɚɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɢ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɜɟɳɟɫɬɜ (ɧɚɛɭɯɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɭɫɚɞɤɚ) ɢ
ɩɪɢ ɡɚɦɟɪɡɚɧɢɢ ɜɨɞɵ ɢ ɨɬɬɚɢɜɚɧɢɢ ɥɶɞɚ ɜ ɩɨɪɚɯ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ (ɦɨɪɨɡɧɨɟ ɩɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɢ ɨɬɬɚɢɜɚɧɢɟ
ɝɪɭɧɬɚ);
ɉɨɥɧɚɹ ɜɥɚɝɨɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ – ɤɨɥɢɱɟɫɬɜɨ ɜɥɚɝɢ, ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɦɟɳɟɧɨ ɝɪɭɧ-
ɬɨɦ ɩɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɜɥɚɝɨɣ ɜɫɟɯ ɩɨɪ.
ɉɨɪɢɫɬɨɫɬɶ – ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɦ ɜɫɟɯ ɩɨɪ ɜ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɟ ɨɛɴɟɦɚ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ, ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨ ɨɬ ɢɯ
ɜɟɥɢɱɢɧɵ, ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɫɜɹɡɢ. Ʉɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɩɨɪɢɫɬɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɜɟɧ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ
ɨɛɴɺɦɚ ɩɭɫɬɨɬ ɤ ɨɛɴɺɦɭ ɬɜɟɪɞɨɣ ɮɚɡɵ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ, ɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɧɨɦɭ ɜ ɞɨɥɹɯ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ.
ɉɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɟ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ – ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɵɟ ɝɪɭɧɬɵ, ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɧɵɟ ɫ ɦɟɫɬ
ɢɯ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɡɚɥɟɝɚɧɢɹ, ɩɨɞɜɟɪɝɧɭɬɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɢɱɧɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɟɪɟɪɚɛɨɬɤɟ ɜ ɩɪɨ-
ɰɟɫɫɟ ɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɦɟɳɟɧɢɹ.
ɉɪɨɜɚɥɵ – ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ ɡɟɦɧɨɣ ɩɨɜɟɪɯɧɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɧɚɪɭɲɟɧɢɟɦ ɫɩɥɨɲɧɨɫɬɢ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ, ɨɛɪɚ
-
ɡɭɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɜɫɥɟɞɫɬɜɢɟ ɨɛɪɭɲɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɥɳɢ ɝɪɭɧɬɨɜ ɧɚɞ ɤɚɪɫɬɨɜɵɦɢ ɩɨɥɨɫɬɹɦɢ, ɝɨɪɧɵɦɢ ɜɵɪɚ-
ɛɨɬɤɚɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɡɨɧɚɦɢ ɫɭɮɮɨɡɢɨɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɵɧɨɫɚ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ.
ɉɪɨɦɵɲɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɬɯɨɞɵ – ɬɜɟɪɞɵɟ ɨɬɯɨɞɵ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɫɬɜɚ, ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ
ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɬɟɪɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɨɜ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ.
ɉɪɨɫɚɞɤɢ – ɞɟɮɨɪɦɚɰɢɢ, ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɭɩɥɨɬɧɟɧɢɹ ɢ, ɤɚɤ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɨ, ɤɨ-
ɪɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɵ ɝɪɭɧɬɚ ɩɨɞ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɤɚɤ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɯ ɧɚɝɪɭɡɨɤ ɢ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ-
