Практикум по истории языка (древнеанглийский период). Пятышина Т.Г - 11 стр.

UptoLike

ВУЗ: 

УлГТУ | Ульяновск

Составители: 

Рубрика: 

11
CONSONANTS
In OE words all consonants must be pronounced, e.g. c in cnapa, g in
gnæt, h in hlāf, r in Þǣr, w in wrītan. Double consonants must also be
pronounced, e.g. biddan ≠ biden as well as ModE bidden ≠ "bad debt".
Most of the consonants are pronounced in the same way as in ModE.
The main exceptions are set out below: the letters s, f, Þ, ð, are voiced in
the intervocal position: rīsan, lufian, cyðan. In other positions (in the initial
and final) they are voiceless. Initially h is also pronounced /h/, as in the
Russian word "хина".
NB. Before a, o, u, y, the letter c is pronounced [k]: cū "cow", the
letter g – as in "good". But before i and e the letter c is pronounced like ch
in ModE "child". Between back vowels, g is pronounced [ɤ] like the
Ukrainian first letter in the word "garna". The combinations sc and cg are
usually pronounced like ModE sh and dge respectively. Thus, ship and
edge are pronounced the same in both OE and ModE [9, 13].
Some other historians say, that the letter ʒ is of Irish origin and had
4 variants of pronunciation: [g], [g'], [j] and [ɤ] – e.g. God, given, je,
dagas. (Williams, 1975, p.315), the combination cg was pronounced as
long g /gg/, e.g. in brycg, i.e. not the same as in ModE bridge [dʒ].
Professor Mezenin S.M. is of the same opinion [9]. Professor Clark W. [5]
says, that sc had come, at least by the 11th c., to stand for [ʤ] e.g. hedge
/hesc/, besides, g not y [j] was in the words like gyldan [gyldan] not
[jyldan], for the sound y and ý had developed, "under special conditions,
out of vowel sounds...originally back" [3, 61]. He also points out, that the
letter c was pronounced like [k], not like [ʧ] as they read in the words
cild, cēlan, etc.
GENERAL TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT
OF CONSONANTS
At first sight Germanic consonants are likely to be similar to those of
other Indo-European languages. Yet comparison of Germanic and non-
Germanic words shows that Germanic consonants do not correspond to
the same consonants in other languages. Thus, whenever we have the
sound [p] in Latin, e. g. pater, we find in its place the sound [f] in parallel
words in Germanic languages, e.g. father and so on.

Страницы