Практикум по истории языка (древнеанглийский период). Пятышина Т.Г - 37 стр.

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37
2) In these last two examples, however, the case of the relative
pronoun is not immediately clear because þe is indeclinable. So the
appropriate case of the third person pronoun was sometimes added. Thus
there is no ambiguity in Eādig bīđ se wer, þe his tohopa biđ to Drihtne
"Blessed is the man whose hope is in the Lord".
3) The appropriate case of the demonstrative se, seō, þæt is often
used as a relative. E.g. se hearpere, đæs nama wæs Orfeus "the harper,
whose name was Orpheus", eall þæt ic geman "all that I remember".
Here there is no ambiguity about case and number, but we cannot always
be sure whether the pronoun is demonstrative or relative.
4) But there is no ambiguity at all for us in sentences like þa com
he on morgenne to þam tungerefan, se þe his ealdormon wæs "Then he
came in the morning to the steward, who was his superior".
This can be called the seþe relative (or the se þe relative: the elements are
sometimes written together, sometimes separately, by the scribes).
5) In short, the OE relatives are the indeclinable particle þe, to
which the personal pronoun can be added to remove ambiguities of case,
and the demonstrative pronoun se, seō, þæt in the case required by the
adjective clauses, either alone or followed by the indeclinable particle þe
to make clear that we have a relative and not a demonstrative pronoun.
Mood
The adjective clause usually has its verb in the indicative, even when
it is in dependent speech. But the subjunctive may occur in the following
situations:
1) When the principal clause contains an imperative or a
subjunctive expressing a wish.
E.g. Matthew 5:42 syle þam đe þe bidde "give to him that asketh
thee". However, the indicative is found in such circumstances:
E.g. Matthew 19:21 becyp eall þæt þu ahst Authrized Version "sell
that thou hast" shows that the moon varies with the speaker’s attitude and
not with any automatic "iaw of symmetry".
In the first example, there is uncertainty because the asker is as yet
unknown and indeed may not exist, that’s why we could translate "Give to
anyone who may ask".
2) When the principal clause contains a negative. But this again
is no automatic rule. The subjective is found only when the content of the
adjective clause is put forward as unreal.

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