ВУЗ:
Составители:
Рубрика:
10. Когда мы пришли на остановку, автобус уже ушел.
11. Он спросил меня, видел ли я, что произошло.
12. Когда я пришел, она накрывала на стол.
13. Я часто ходил в этот кинотеатр, когда работал в этом районе.
14. С кем вы разговаривали по телефону, когда я вошла в комнату?
15. Вчера мы весь день работали в саду.
16. Он пошел погулять после того, как пообедал.
17. Я спросил у него, почему он не ответил на мое письмо.
# Change the Direct Speech into the Indirect Speech.
1. I asked the old gentleman, "Are you feeling tired?"
2. The hotel manager asked the visitors, "Did you sleep well?"
3. He asked his wife, "Is the baby asleep or awake?"
4. The teacher asked Tom, "Do you come to school by bus or on foot?"
5. A man stopped me in the street and asked, "Have you got a match?"
6. The teacher asked us, "Do you understand the question or not?"
7. Henry's father asked his son, "Do |you want to be an engineer or a doctor?"
8. I asked Peter, "Are you going to play football on Friday or on Saturday?"
9. The teacher asked me, "Do you spell “swimming” with one “m” or a double “m”?"
10. He asked his secretary, "Has the postman been yet?"
UNIT 4
COLOUR AND ARCHITECTURE
Lesson 1
Rendered Facades, but with What Finish? Coloured,
Painted or Coated?
Pre-reading Discussion
1. What is the main function of colour in architecture?
2. Do you agree that colour is used in building only for its tonal quality?
3. How can colour affect the general view of a building?
4. What colour tones do you prefer?
5. What does paint consist of?
The encyclopaedist Isidor of Seville (560-636) described colour as "captive sunlight", while Sir Isaac New-
ton attempted to fit the colours of the rainbow into a linear, measurable spectrum, and Johann Wolfgang von
Goethe developed a non-scientific colour circle as part of his theory of colour. According to a definition in
modern German standards, "Colour is the facial sensation of part of the field of vision that appears unstructured
to the eye, by means of which that part - observed with a single, unmoving eye – can be solely differentiated
from a similarly unstructured adjoining area seen at the same time."
Colour is used in buildings not only for its tonal quality, but also as part of the actual construction - in the
form of finishings that provide protection against the weather. In this context, it is perhaps more useful to speak
of "coatings", a term that covers a wide range of protective products from fluid, paste-like or even powdered
materials to conventional paints. Painted finishes are usually built up in a number of layers, which together
form a system of priming coats, undercoats and finishing coats. Sometimes the surface to be painted may also
be otherwise treated to improve adhesion. As with plasterwork, the finishing coats should be softer than the un-
dercoats to avoid cracking caused by tension between the layers. Generally speaking, the application of a few
thick coats of paint is less elaborate than a greater number of thin coats, but the latter technique ensures a better
drying-out process and produces a smoother, more even finish. The choice of material will depend on the va-
pour-diffusing properties and permeability of the individual layers or coats, which should be matched to the
base and take account of weather conditions.
Painted coatings can be classified according to various criteria: their special protective qualities (against
fire or corrosion, for example); the construction elements on which they are used (windows, facades, etc.); or
Страницы
- « первая
- ‹ предыдущая
- …
- 35
- 36
- 37
- 38
- 39
- …
- следующая ›
- последняя »
