Основы теории английского языка. Шевченко В.Д. - 31 стр.

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31
сталкивается со значительными трудностями, поскольку такие слова
обладают максимальной национальной и культурной спецификой.
Вопросы к семинарскому занятию:
1. Базовый вокабуляр.
2. Лексико-семантические группы в слое общеупотребительной
лексики.
3. Неологизмы в английском языке.
4. Лексико-семантические группы неологизмов.
5. Виды неологизмов.
Упражнение:
1. Выпишите из данного отрывка примеры общеупотребительной
лексики (базового вокабуляра). По каким параметрам Вы
определяете принадлежность этих единиц к слою
общеупотребительной лексики? Распределите выделенные слова по
лексико-семантическим группам.
Shakespeare won fame and fortune in London. But he invested his money
and kept his family in Stratford-upon-Avon. Some writers on the new London
theatre scene of the late sixteenth century abandoned their home towns when
they moved to the capital – Christopher Marlowe, for example, maintained no
connection with Canterbury once he had left. But Shakespeare never cut
himself off from his birthplace. It is tempting to read particular meaning into such
loyalty, but it was quite common at the time for people to work for a while in
London without ever completely settling in there. Local loyalties ran deep. There
was little of the faceless anonymity of modern urban life – save, perhaps, in
London. In a town the size of Stratford, at any rate, most people probably knew
each other. One’s relations with one’s neighbours needed to be maintained if
life was to go on smoothly. In Shakespeare’s day, Stratford was a corporation,
i.e. it governed itself. Every year a bailiff and fourteen aldermen, along with the
fourteen burgesses they appointed, would handle the town’s affairs, dealing
with everything from breaking up fights to petitioning the Crown for assistance in
the wake of a ruinous fire. In many ways, this was a community whose
members were known to each other in a way which a modern city-dweller might
well find intrusive, but which could also make for a close-knit sense of
belonging.
Shakespeare was baptised on 26 April 1564. Tradition insists that he was
born on 23 April 1564, partly so that the birthday of the National Poet should
coincide with the Saint’s Day of the National Saint, and partly for the sake of
symmetry, in that he was to die on 23 April. However, one cannot be sure. He
was born into an uncertain world. Of his seven siblings, three died in childhood.
He was lucky to survive childhood himself. The parish records laconically note

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