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15
Lesson 6
RIPPERS
Ripping is one of the toughest jobs in earthmoving. The key to economic and
effective ripping rests ultimately with the operator. Much can be gained or lost,
depending on his ability. Spacing of passes, number of passes, control of ripping
depth and cross ripping determine finished size. Thus, an experienced and compe-
tent operator is the only sure way to determine depth and spacing.
Large rippers feature a hydraulically adjustable shank angle. This allows the op-
erator to readily select ripper shank angle settings forward or rearward of vertical
position. Shank angle can be changed up to 33°, even while ripping. Material den-
sity, rippability, machine power, and final size of material determine the number of
shanks that can be used. Regardless of ripper shank length or ripping depth, the op-
erator has to simply adjust the shank angle to provide an effective tip angle. This
achieves maximum performance throughout each ripping pass.
For most sizes of rippers, centerline and penetration style tips are both
available. Both styles have a center rip for strength and self-sharpening. The
choice of tip style is mostly an operator preference, affected by the type of
material being ripped. Most operators prefer the centerline style in lami-
nated(layered) materials. All ripper tips are made of DH-3 steel providing
greater wear-resistance in abrasive applications.
Ripping requires maximum pull. Shock loads – and ripper damage – increase
with speed. Ripping at lower speeds reduces wear, decreases breakage, and pro-
longs undercarriage life. Production can be enhanced from this reduced down
time. Maintenance costs can rise rapidly due to wear with only a small increase in
speed. Besides, a daily maintenance inspection can greatly reduce failures.
Sound operating techniques are absolutely essential to get maximum production
from a ripper.
Слова к тексту
tough – зд. трудный
to space – прокладывать, располагать
pass – проход, проезд, ход
to feature – зд. иметь
shank – стержень, хвостовик, зуб
rib – ребро
undercarriage – шасси, ходовая часть
sound – зд.
правильный
ripper – рыхлитель
ultimately – в конечном счете
to determine – определять
regardless of – независимо от
to adjust – регулировать
tip – наконечник
to sharpen – точить, заост-
рять
density – плотность
maintenance – эксплуатация,
техническое обслуживание
to prefer – предпочитать
wear resistance – износо-
стойкость
pull – тяга, натяжение
shock – удар, толчок
to increase – увеличивать
to decrease – уменьшать
undercarriage – шасси
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