Science for University Students. Part II. Translations. Сологуб Л.И. - 41 стр.

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Text 1
Pesticide Bans
There are complicated health, safety, environmental, political, and
economic issues associated with the use and withdrawal from use of pesticides.
Pesticides increase agricultural productivity, but when health or environmental
costs become unacceptable they can be banned; increasingly in recent years the
banning of various pesticides has been suggested. Zilberman et al. consider the
economic impacts of banning a single pesticide (the example used is parathion, a
chemical that protects lettuce plants from aphids) and of broadly banning
pesticides, as was proposed in California. The cost-benefit equations include
diverse factors such as whether ready substitutes exist for the banned substances
and whether consumers, producers, or only subsets of these groups will lose
economonically when a ban is imposed. Use fees and partial bans appear to be
as or more effective than complete bans in achieving environmental and safety
goals, and the authors propose that fees collected would best be applied to the
development of alternative pest-management strategies.
Ruth Levy Guyer
I. Read the text-summary and state what information it carries.
II. Choose the correct answer:
1. The main idea of the text is that
a. complete bans of pesticides should be imposed
b. use partial bans appear to be more effective
c. use fees seem the best
d. use both fees and partial bans of pesticides to be more useful.
2. The text suggests that:
a. pesticides can be banned if they increase agricultural productivity
b. pesticides can be banned if their substitutes are ready
c. we should ban pesticides when health or environwental costs become
unacceptable
d. we should ban pesticides when consumers lose economically
III. Find in the text the English for the following:
1. использование или воздержание от использования пестицидов
2. когда это за счет здоровья окружающей среды
3. рассматривать экономический урон от запрета одного
единственного удобрения
4. химическое средство, которое защищает салат от тли
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