Science for University Students. Part II. Translations. Сологуб Л.И. - 49 стр.

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character stasis but attributes it to an intraspecific process, stabilizing selection,
rather than to species-level constraints; character change is also viewed as an
intraspecific phenomenon that is largely decoupled from branching speciation. I
agree with Levinton that punctuated morphological evolution appears often to be
decoupled from branching speciation in many taxa, but I dispute his charge that
punctuated equilibrium resurrects the discredited essentialist notion that species
have fixed, defining features. Punctuated equilibrium is based on the position
that species are ontological individuals and on Ernst Mayr’s populational model
of peripatric speciation, both of which strongly reject essentialism.
I expect this book to be highly influential in its intended role as a blueprint
for the study of macroevolution. It represents what is probably the strongest and
most comprehensive defense of die neo-Darwinian position currently available.
The hierarchical theories developed by paleontologists and developmental
biologists in reaction to neo-Darwinism are also very strong, however, and I
expect many macroevolutionists to continue to favor them. Levinton nonetheless
contributes the important recognition that neo-Darwinism must accommodate
hierarchy if it is to succeed as a blueprint for the reunification of evolutionary
biology.
Allan Larson
Department of Biology,
Washington University,
I. Read the text and state what it is about
II. Answer the following questions:
1) What has split evolutionary biology in A. Larson’s opinion?
2) What does Levinton seek to?
3) What does the reviewer find particulary insightful?
4) What does Levingston anknowledge?
5) What does Levingston reject?
6) Does he accept the phenomenon of character stasis?
7) What does A. Larson agree with Levingston and what does he
dispute?
III. State which parts of the original text might be the counter-parts of
these bits of the Russian translation of the article
1. сторонники Левингстона снова созывают конференцию
Современного Синтеза
2. естественный отбор составляет исходный причинный
фактор эволюции
3. находя его признание в качестве единственного признака
причинности слишком ограниченным
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