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character (or characters) and the situation in the play. A show usually opens with a song that
sets the tone of the musical, introduces some or all of the major characters, and shows the
setting of the play. Within the compressed nature of the musical, the writers must develop
the characters and the plot. Music provides an excellent way to express emotion, but since,
on average, fewer words are sung in a five-minute song than are spoken in a five-minute
block of dialogue, there is less time to develop drama than in a straight play of equivalent
length when a musical has an hour and a half or more of music in it.
Text 5. Birth of a counterculture
As part of the societal ferment in North America and Europe, rock changed and
diversified in a number of subtle and not-so-subtle ways.
As early as the mid-1960s, the image of rock and roll became less like previous
musical forms. The Rolling Stones are credited with being the first band to dispense with
band uniforms; band members simply wore whatever clothes they wished, and these clothes
were often outlandish or controversial. Hair styles also became longer and less tamed. As
trivial as these changes may sound today, this break from tradition was shocking to
audiences used to clean-cut musical groups in matching suits.
But in 1967, one album forever changed the course of rock and roll. The Beatles'
groundbreaking album, Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band, was unlike any album or
song that had come before, with a sound unlike anything The Beatles (or any other band or
solo artist) had performed. After the climactic final chord of A Day In The Life, it was clear
that rock and roll was about to move in different directions, such as the following:
The music took on a greater social awareness; it was not just about dancing and
smooching anymore, but took on themes of social justice. The counterculture that was
emerging (partly as a reaction to the Vietnam War) adopted rock and roll as its defining
feature, and the music began to be heavily influenced by the various drugs that the youth
culture was experimenting with. In America, psychedelic rock influenced and was
influenced by the drug scene and the larger psychedelic lifestyle. It featured long, often
improvised jams and wild electronic sounds. Jimi Hendrix, Jefferson Airplane, Iron
Butterfly, and the Grateful Dead were leading practitioners of psychedelia. A more esoteric
form of British psychedelia and the Canterbury Sound is exemplified by the Soft Machine,
who accompanied Hendrix on his first U.S. tour. Pink Floyd found their roots in British
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