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The musical components of a musical are generally referred to as the score, with sung
lines considered the lyrics and the spoken lines the book, or occasionally the libretto (a term
also frequently applied to text of an opera).
Many familiar musical theater works have been the basis for successful musical films,
or were adapted for television presentations. While some popular television programs have
set one single episode in the style of a musical as a play on their usual format (examples
include episodes of Ally McBeal, Buffy the Vampire Slayer's episode Once More with
Feeling, or Oz's Variety), the televis ion series Cop Rock, which extens ively used the
musical format, was not a success.
While musical theater works are performed around the world, they are perhaps most
frequently produced on Broadway in New York and London's West End.
Musical theater is a specialized art form which requires many specialists and places
many demands on the form a show must take.
Broadway musicals today are typically backed by a number of producers; in the past
musicals were usually controlled by a sole producer but with costs ballooning to more than
$10 million for many new Broadway musicals, several individuals or corporations will
contribute money to a project.
There are usually several authors of a musical, as mentioned above. Very few musicals
are written entirely by one person. Sometimes, though, a composer will also serve as lyricist
or a lyricist will also serve as librettist. There may also be multiple composers, lyricists, or
librettists. Authors are often the people who first come up with the idea for a musical and
then seek out funding. Sometimes authors may have to spend years trying to get their work
produced; they may try to have workshop productions or readings so that they can revise
their work to be the best possible show and increase the interest of potential producers.
Either before or after a work has producers, a number of changes will usually be made to
various parts of the show.
After the authors have gotten producers for their musical, the producer will typically
hire a director; the director, producers, and authors will then hire the rest of the creative
team, a group consisting of choreographer, music director/conductor, set designer, lighting
designer, costume designer, and sound designer.
Once mos t of the s taff have been assembled, the show will typically hold auditions for
actors. In some cases a show may start with a few stars planned for certain roles. However,
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