Тематический сборник текстов для чтения (английский язык). Соснина Е.П - 84 стр.

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TOPIC 9. TRAVELLING, MEANS, DES TINATIONS
Text 1. Touris m
Tourism can be defined as the act of travel for the purpose of recreation, and the
provision of services for this act. A tourist is someone who travels at least fifty miles from
home, as defined by the World Tourism Organization (a United Nations body).
A more comprehensive definition would be that tourism is a service industry,
comprising a number of tangible and intangible components. The tangible elements include
transportation systems - air, rail, road, water and now, space; hospitality services -
accommodation, foods and beverages, tours, souvenirs; and related services such as
banking, insurance and safety & security. The intangible elements include: rest and
relaxation, culture, escape, adventure, new and different experiences.
Many sovereignties, along with their respective countries and states, depend heavily
upon travel expenditures by foreigners as a source of taxation and income for the enterprises
that sell (export) services to these travellers. Consequently the development of tourism is
often a strategy employed either by a Non-governmental organization (NGO) or a
governmental agency to promote a particular region for the purpose of increasing commerce
through exporting goods and services to non-locals.
So metimes Tourism and Travel are used interchangably. In this context travel has a
similar definition to tourism, but implies a more purposeful journey.
The term tourism is sometimes used pejoratively, implying a shallow interest in the
societies and natural wonders that the tourist visits.
"Travel", as an economic activity, occurs when the essential parameters come together
to make it happen. In this case there are three such parameters:
1. Disposable income, i.e. money to spend on non-essentials
2. Time in wh ich to do so.
3. Infrastructure in the form of accommodation facilities and means of trans port.
Individually, sufficient health is also a condition, and of course the inclination to
travel. Furthermore, in some countries there are legal restrictions on travelling, especially
abroad. Communist states restrict foreign travel only to "trustworthy" citizens. The United
States prohibits its citizens from traveling to some countries, for example, Cuba.

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