Традиции, обычаи и праздники Китая (Traditions, Customs and Festivals of China). Сухомлинова С.И - 33 стр.

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10. The bells don’t produce fine tones nowadays because they were
buried underground for over 2,400 years.
11. The 65-bell bianzhong can be seen at the Provincial Museum of
Hubei.
12. Another trianzhong worth seeing is the only bell made of pure
gold during the Qianiong period in the 18
th
century.
Task 3. Translate the texts into Russian.
Musical Bells and Chime Stones
These percussion musical instruments are unique to ancient
China. The zhong is made of bronze while the qing generally of stone.
They may be played either individually or in groups. In the latter
case, they are hung in rows on wooden racks and known respectively
as bianzhong and bianqing. Struck with wooden hammers, they
produce melodious sounds of various notes. In their time, they were
the important instruments played – either in solo performance or in
ensemble or as accompaniment – during imperial audiences, palace
banquets and religious ceremonies.
Stone and Jade Qing
It can be easily imagined that the stone qing must have been one
of the earliest musical instruments in China. During the Stone Age,
the Chinese forefathers, working with stone implements, found out
that certain sonorous rocks, when knocked, produced musical sounds
and that, by knocking at rocks of different sizes, they could make
music. So the earliest man-made chime stones were born out of those
natural rocks. In 1913 a Shang Dynasty (16
th
– 11
th
century B.C.)
chime stone was discovered from the ruins of that age in Anyang,
Henan Province. It is grey-coloured and has tiger patterns engraved
on it, showing that it had been used by the imperial court.
The key step in making of a chime stone is to give it the right
note. Artisans learnt long ago how to achieve this. If the pitch of a
stone was too high, they would grind the two flat faces of the slab,
making it thinner; if the pitch of a stone was on the low side, they
would grind the ends and make the slab shorter, until the right tone
was arrived at.
The jade qing was made much later, following the same idea as
for chime stones but using the more valuable jade as the material, in
the Hall of Treasures of the Forbidden City can be seen a chime
consisting of 12 jade qing. They were made during the reign of
Qianiong (1736-1795) of a precious black jade exquisitely finished on 
10. The be lls do n’t prod uce fine t ones no wada ys beca use t he y we re
buried undergro und for o ver 2,400 years.
11. The 65 -be ll b ianzhong ca n be seen at t he Pro vinc ia l M use um o f
Hube i.
12. Anot her trianzhon g wo rt h see ing is t he o nly be ll made o f p ure
go ld d uring t he Q ia nio ng perio d in t he 18 t h cent ury.
       Task 3. Translate the texts into Russian.
                    M usical Bells and C hime Stone s
       These percuss io n mus ica l inst rume nts are uniq ue to a nc ie nt
China. The zhon g is ma de o f bro nz e while t he qing ge nera lly o f sto ne.
The y ma y be p la yed e it her ind ivi dua lly or in gro ups. In t he latte r
case, the y a re hung in rows o n wo oden racks a nd k no w n respect ive ly
as bianzhong and b ianqi ng.           Struck w it h woode n ha mme rs, t he y
prod uce me lod io us so unds o f vario us notes. In t he ir t i me, t he y were
the imp orta nt instru me nts p la yed – e it her in so lo pe rfo rma nce o r in
ense mb le o r as acco mpa nime nt – during i mperia l a ud ie nces, palace
banq ue ts and re ligio us cere mo nies.
                             Stone a nd Jade Qi ng
       It can be easily i ma gined t ha t t he sto ne qing must ha ve been o ne
o f t he ea rliest mus ica l inst rume nts in C hina. D uring t he Sto ne Age,
the C hinese fo re fat hers, work ing wit h sto ne i mp le me nts, fo und o ut
that certa in so noro us rocks, whe n knoc ked, prod uced mus ica l sounds
and t hat, b y k nock ing at rocks o f differe nt s izes, the y co uld make
mus ic. So t he earliest ma n-ma de chi me stones were born o ut o f t hose
nat ura l rocks. In 1913 a Sha ng Dynast y (16 t h – 11 t h century B.C.)
chi me stone was d isco vered fro m the ruins o f t hat a ge in Anya ng,
He na n Pro vince. It is gre y-co lo ured a nd has t iger patte rns e ngra ve d
on it, sho w ing t hat it had bee n used by t he imperia l co urt.
       The ke y step in mak ing o f a chi me stone is to give it t he righ t
no te. Art isa ns lea rnt lo ng a go ho w to achie ve t his. If t he p itc h o f a
stone was too high, t he y wo uld grind t he two flat faces of t he s lab,
mak ing it t hinner; if t he p itc h o f a stone was o n t he lo w s ide, t he y
would grind t he e nds a nd make t he slab s ho rter, unt il t he right to ne
was arrived at.
       The jade qing was made muc h la te r, fo llow ing t he sa me idea as
for c hime sto nes b ut us ing t he mo re va luab le jade as the ma teria l, in
the Ha ll o f Treasures o f t he Fo rbidde n C it y ca n be see n a c hime
cons ist ing o f 12 jade qi ng. The y were ma de d uring t he re ign o f
Qia nio ng (1736 -179 5) o f a prec io us b lack jade e xq uis ite ly finis hed o n


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