Традиции, обычаи и праздники Китая (Traditions, Customs and Festivals of China). Сухомлинова С.И - 75 стр.

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74
The tender shoots of bamboo are a delicacy often found at
Chinese banquets. They may be used fresh or canned, or dried for a
longer storage. Dried bamboo shoots should be soaked in water for a
few days before use.
A well-known Chinese drink called zhuyeqing (bamboo-leaf-
green) is made of bamboo leaves mixed with other materials.
Text 2. Summer Sleeping Mats (Liangxi)
When summer comes, Chinese families in most parts of the
country put sleeping mats on their beds so that they can feel cooler in
sleep.
Mats are made of three major types of materials: straw, bamboo
and rattan. Straw mats are mostly made of the Chinese alpine rush
with flax or cotton yarns as the wrap. The rush is a fine, long grass
with a hollow stem grown in cluster rather like the beards of a dragon
in Chinese mythology. So its name in Chinese is longxucao (dragon-
beard grass). Mats made of this material are closely and even woven,
soft and smooth, and light yellow in colour. The straw with its tube
stems is rather elastic, so the mats can stand wear and tear and strong
pulling. Because they can be folded without breaking, they are also
known by another name, “folding mats”. They are produced in large
quantities in Zhejiang and Hunan provinces and, because of their
popular prices, are widely used in city and countryside.
Bamboo mats are made of “water bamboo”, a special variety
grown mainly in the provinces of Sichuan, Hunan and Anhui. To make
one piece of this mat, thirty to forty kilograms of water bamboo is
needed to go through more than ten processes including felling of the
plant, splitting of the bamboo, steaming, boiling, trimming of the
“bamboo threads” and finally weaving. All these are done by hand
and take a worker more than ten days to finish. A bamboo mat feels
cooler than a straw one and, spread on the bed, is smooth without
creases. Wear-resisting, it can last as long as a dozen years. And the
older it is the cooler and more comfortable it becomes; its colour also
acquires a pleasant brownish red with age. It is a great favourite with
people living in regions of very hot summers.
The rattan mat is made of the skin of rattan. It is soft and
durable but not as widely used as the other kinds.
Mats are also made in smaller sizes to cover pillows and seats. 
      The te nde r s hoo ts o f ba mboo are a de licac y o fte n fo und a t
Chinese ba nq uets. The y ma y be us ed fres h o r ca nned, or dried fo r a
lo nger stora ge. Dried ba mbo o sho ots sho uld be soaked in water fo r a
few da ys be fo re use.
      A we ll-k no w n C hinese drink ca lled zhuyeqi ng (ba mboo -lea f-
gree n) is made o f ba mb oo lea ves mixed w it h ot he r materia ls.

                 Text 2. Summer Sleepi ng M ats (Lia ngxi )
      Whe n s umme r co mes, Chinese fa milies in most parts o f t he
country p ut s leep ing mats o n t he ir beds so t hat t he y ca n fee l co o ler in
sleep.
      Mats are made o f t hree major t ype s o f ma teria ls : straw, ba mb o o
and ratta n. St raw mats are most ly made o f t he C hinese a lp ine rus h
wit h fla x o r co tto n yarns as t he w rap. The rus h is a fine, lo ng grass
wit h a ho llow ste m grow n in c luste r rat he r like t he beards o f a dra go n
in C hinese myt ho lo gy. So its na me in C hinese is lo ngx ucao (dra go n-
beard grass). Mats made o f t his materia l are close ly a nd e ve n wo ve n,
soft a nd s mo ot h, and light ye llo w in co lo ur. The straw w it h its t ube
ste ms is rat her e last ic, so the ma ts can sta nd wear and tear a nd stro n g
pulling. Beca use t he y ca n be fo ld ed w it ho ut b reak ing, t he y are a ls o
kno w n b y a not he r na me, “ fo ld ing mats”. The y are p rod uced in la rge
qua nt it ies in Zhej ia ng a nd Huna n pro vinces and, because o f t he ir
pop ular prices, are wide ly used in c it y a nd co untrys ide.
      Ba mbo o mats are made o f “ water ba mboo”, a specia l va riet y
grow n ma inly in t he pro vinces o f Si chua n, Huna n a nd Anhui. To make
one p iece o f t his mat, thirt y to fo rt y k ilo gra ms o f water ba mboo is
needed to go t hro ugh mo re t ha n ten processes inc lud ing fe lling o f t he
pla nt, sp litt ing o f t he ba mboo, st ea ming, bo iling, tri mming o f t he
“ bamb oo t hreads” and fina lly wea ving. All t hese are do ne b y ha nd
and take a worke r mo re t ha n te n d ays to finis h. A ba mboo ma t fee ls
coole r t ha n a straw one a nd, spread on t he bed, is s moot h w it ho ut
creases. Wear-resist ing, it ca n last as lo ng as a doze n years. And t he
older it is t he coo ler a nd more c o mfortab le it beco mes; its co lo ur a lso
acquires a p leasa nt bro w nis h red w i th a ge. It is a great fa vo urite w it h
peop le living in re gio ns o f ve ry hot summe rs.
      The ratta n mat is made o f t he sk in o f rat ta n. It is so ft a nd
durab le b ut not as wide ly used as the other k inds.
      Mats are also made in s ma ller sizes to cover p illows and seats.



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