Традиции, обычаи и праздники Китая (Traditions, Customs and Festivals of China). Сухомлинова С.И - 92 стр.

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iron plates, which were fastened on by means of studs. This system
lasted _____ thousands of years.
The door studs on the gates of the Forbidden City were made
_____brass and plated with gold. Lustrous, they add to the splendour
and magnificence of the imperial palace. All the gates used _____ the
emperor have 9x9 or 81 studs, as the number nine represented the
supremacy of the monarch. Other titled personages, princes and
barons had fewer studs on their gates, such _____ 9 rows 7 each, 7x7
or 5x5; those who had lower ranks had studs made of iron.
An interesting question arises with regard to the Donghua-men
gate _____ the Forbidden City which, unlike the other principal
entrances, has 72 studs _____ the usual 81. The explanation lies in a
historic event. _____ the end of the Ming Dynasty, the capital fell to
Li Zicheng, leader of a famous peasant revolt, in 1644. And it was by
Donghuamen that Chongzhen the last Ming emperor left the palace and
then hanged himself at Jing-shan (Hill of Prospect, popularly known
as Coal Hill). The Qing house which replaced the Ming regarded
Donghuamen as inauspicious, decided to use it for the exit of imperial
hearses and cut down the number of its studs at the same time.
Task 8. Give answers to the questions.
1. In what way houses were decorated in ancient China?
2. How did the decoration of the house show the rank of the official
who dwelled in this house?
3. What symbolized the unity of the empire?
4. What ancient legends and believes were decorations based upon?
5. Do you know any legends or prominent events that influenced the
history of your city?
UNIT 3
Task 1. Go through a list of words and study their
pronunciation. The following words will help you understand the
common meaning of the text.
Feat [fi:t] – проявление большого искусства
instrumental ['instrә'mentl] – служащий средсвом
tenacity [ti'næsәti] – упорство
industriousness [in'dʌstriәsnis] – усердие 
iro n p lates, w hic h were fastene d o n b y mea ns o f st uds. This s yste m
lasted _____ t ho usands of years.
       The doo r st uds o n t he gates o f t he Forb idde n C it y were mad e
_____brass a nd p lated w it h go ld. Lus tro us, t he y add to t he sp le nd o ur
and ma gnifice nce o f t he i mperia l pa lace. All t he gates used ___ __ t he
e mpe ror ha ve 9 x9 o r 81 studs, as the numbe r nine rep resented t he
supre mac y o f t he mo narc h.       Ot her t it led perso na ges, princes a nd
baro ns had fewe r studs on t he ir gat es, suc h _____ 9 rows 7 each, 7 x7
or 5x5; t hose who had lowe r ra nks had st uds made o f iro n.
       An inte rest ing q uest io n arises wit h re gard to the Do nghua-me n
gate _____ t he Fo rb idde n C it y whic h, unlike t he ot her princ ipa l
ent ra nces, has 7 2 st uds _ ____ t he usua l 8 1. The e xp la na t io n lies in a
histo ric e ve nt. _____ t he e nd o f t he Ming D ynast y, t he cap ita l fe ll t o
Li Zic he ng, leade r o f a fa mo us peasant re vo lt, in 1644. And it was b y
Donghua me n t hat C ho ngz he n t he la st Ming e mpero r le ft t he pa lace a nd
the n ha nged hi mse lf at J ing-s ha n (Hill o f Prospect, pop ula rly k now n
as Coal Hill). The Q ing ho use whic h rep laced t he M ing re garded
Donghua me n as ina usp ic io us, decid ed to use it fo r t he exit o f imperia l
hearses and c ut dow n t he nu mber o f its studs at t he sa me t ime.

      Task 8. Give answers to the questions.
1. In w hat wa y ho uses were decorated in a nc ie nt C hina ?
2. How d id t he decora t io n o f t he house s how t he ra nk o f t he o ffic ia l
who dwe lle d in t his ho use ?
3. What symb o lized t he unit y o f t he e mp ire?
4. What anc ie nt le ge nds and be lie ve s were decoratio ns based upo n?
5. Do yo u k now a ny le ge nds o r pro mine nt e ve nts t hat influe nced t he
histo ry o f yo ur cit y?


                                     UNIT 3

       Task 1.         Go through a list of words and study their
pronunciation. The fo llo wing wo rds wi ll help you understand t he
common meaning of the text.
Feat [fi:t ] – проявление бол ьшого иск усства
inst rume nta l ['inst rә 'me nt l] – сл ужа щий средсвом
tenac it y [t i'næsәt i] – упорство
ind ustrio us ness [in'dʌstriәs nis] – усердие


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