Лекции по теоретической грамматике английского языка. Тивьяева И.В. - 20 стр.

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20
Function. (a) Combining with words to form phrases. A noun combines with
a preceding adjective (big house), or occasionally with a following adjective
(secrets unrevealed), with a preceding noun in either the common case (chocolate
bar) or the genitive case (mother’s face), with a verb following it (children play) or
preceding it (play games). Occasionally a noun may combine with a following or a
preceding adverb (the guy outside; the then president). It also combines with
prepositions (in a house; house of rest). It is typical of a noun to be preceded by
the definite or indefinite article (the room, a room). (b) Function in the sentence. A
noun may be the subject or the predicative of a sentence, or an object, an attribute,
and an adverbial modifier. It can also make part of each of these when preceded by
a preposition.
2. Adjective
Meaning
. The adjective expresses property.
Form
. Adjectives in Modern English are invariable. Some adjectives form
degrees of comparison (long, longer, longest).
Function
. (a) Adjectives combine with nouns both preceding and
(occasionally) following them (large room, times immemorial). They also combine
with a preceding adverb (very large). Adjectives can be followed by the phrase
"preposition + noun" (free from danger). Occasionally they combine with a
preceding verb (died young). (b) In the sentence, an adjective can be either an
attribute (large room) or a predicative (is large). It can also be an objective
predicative (painted the door green).
3. Pronoun
(1) The meaning
of the pronoun as a separate part of speech is somewhat
difficult to define. In fact, some pronouns share essential peculiarities of nouns
(e.g. he), while others have much in common with adjectives (e. g. which). This
made some scholars think that pronouns were not a separate part of speech at all
and should be distributed between nouns and adjectives. However, this view
proved untenable and entailed insurmountable difficulties. Hence it has proved
necessary to find a definition of the specific meaning of pronouns, distinguishing

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