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quickly). Occasionally a verb may combine with an adjective (married young). (b)
In a sentence a verb (in its finite forms) is always the predicate or part of it (link
verb). The functions of the verbals (infinitive, participle, and gerund) must be dealt
with separately.
7. The adverb
The meaning of the adverb as a part of speech is hard to define. Indeed,
some adverbs indicate time or place of an action (yesterday, here), while others
indicate its property (quickly) and others again the degree of a property (very). As,
however, we should look for one central meaning characterising the part of speech
as a whole, it seems best to formulate the meaning of the adverb as "property of an
action or of a property".
Form
. Adverbs are invariable. Some of them, however, have degrees of
comparison (fast, faster, fastest).
Function
. (a) An adverb combines with a verb (run quickly), with an
adjective (very long), occasionally with a noun (the then president) and with a
phrase (so out of things). (b) An adverb can sometimes follow a preposition (from
there). (c) In a sentence an adverb is almost always an adverbial modifier, or part
of it (from there), but it may occasionally be an attribute.
8. Prepositions
Meaning
. The meaning of prepositions is obviously that of relations
between things and phenomena.
Form
. Prepositions are invariable.
Function
. (a) Prepositions enter into phrases in which they are preceded by a
noun, adjective, numeral, stative, verb or adverb, and followed by a noun,
adjective, numeral or pronoun. (b) In a sentence a preposition never is a separate
part of it. It goes together with the following word to form an object, adverbial
modifier, predicative or attribute, and in extremely rare cases a subject (There were
about a hundred people in the hall).
9. Conjunctions
Meaning
. Conjunctions express connections between things and phenomena.
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