Лекции по теоретической грамматике английского языка. Тивьяева И.В. - 25 стр.

UptoLike

ВУЗ: 

ТулГУ | Тула

Составители: 

Рубрика: 

25
Lecture 3
Noun and Its Categories
1. General characteristics.
2. The category of number.
3. The category of case.
4. The problem of gender.
5. The category of determination.
1. General characteristics
The noun is the central lexical unit of language. It is the main nominative
unit of speech. As any other part of speech, the noun can be characterised by three
criteria: semantic (the meaning), morphological (the form and grammatical
categories) and syntactical (functions, distribution).
Semantic features of the noun. The noun possesses the grammatical
meaning of thingness, substantiality. According to different principles of
classification, nouns fall into several subclasses:
1. According to the type of nomination they may be proper and
common;
2. According to the form of existence they may be animate and
inanimate. Animate nouns in their turn fall into human and non-human.
3. According to their quantitative structure nouns can be countable and
uncountable.
This set of subclasses cannot be put together into one table because of the
different principles of classification.
Morphological features of the noun. In accordance with the morphological
structure of the stems all nouns can be classified into: simple,
derived (stem +
affix, affix + stem – thingness); compound
(stem+ stem – armchair ) and
composite
(the Hague). The noun has morphological categories of number and
case. Some scholars admit the existence of the category of gender.
Syntactic features of the noun. The noun can be used in the sentence in all
syntactic
functions but predicate. Speaking about noun combinability, we can say

Страницы