Лекции по теоретической грамматике английского языка. Тивьяева И.В. - 94 стр.

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94
Most often, the process affects the predicate and the object.
Complication of the predicate
. The following three types of complication are
singled out according to the morphological appurtenance of the complicating
element:
1) active-verbal complication (e.g. I have to go);
2) passive-verbal complication (e.g. He is expected to come);
3) adjectival complication (e.g. He is unlikely to come).
In the first two types the complicating element is a verb either in the active
or in the passive form respectively, in the third type – an adjective, a participle or a
category of state word with a copula-verb.
Complication of the object.
Complication of the direct object is possible
after verbs of certain semantics. It consists in adding an infinitive, a participle, an
adjective, or a prepositional group to a noun or a pronoun performing the function
of the object. The object and the complicating element stand in the relations of
secondary predication.
e.g. I found him attractive. She considered me a fool.
Complication of other sentence members expressed by nominal parts of
speech is also possible, but it is not so widely spread.
e.g. complication of the subject
: There is someone hiding in the kitchen.
complication of the predicative
: It was him standing in the dark.
Contamination has a restricted usage. It can be applied only to the
predicate. The result of contamination is the so-called double, or contaminated,
predicate.
e.g. The sun shone glaring and dazzling.
Development (развертывание) is a modification of one element by another
element which depends on the former. Syntactic groups (they can be noun groups,
verb groups, adjectival groups, adverb groups, etc.) that appear in the result of
development are of endocentric character, their syntactic behavior is that of the
central element before it was modified
e.g. N → AN: flower – beautiful flower;

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