Аналитическая геометрия и линейная алгебра. Умнов А.Е. - 215 стр.

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                s( x ) °ˆÈm«Ò®}Èκ䂪ãËäËӈ‚ãÒÓˮӺº¹¯º°ˆ¯ÈÓ°ˆmÈ x ∈ Λ m°º
                           ºˆmˈ°ˆmÒËҰ㺠f ( x ) + g ( x ) 
               
               
               
    ËääÈ                 v‚ääÈ m‚² ãÒÓˮө² Á‚Ó}ÒºÓÈãºm «mã«Ëˆ°« ãÒÓˮөä Á‚Ó}Òº
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                                           s( λ y + µz ) = f ( λ y + µ z ) + g ( λ y + µ z ) =
                                                         = λ f ( y) + µ f ( z) + λ g ( y) + µ g ( z) =
                                                                                                             
                                                         = λ ( f ( y ) + g ( y )) + µ ( f ( z ) + g ( z )) =
                                                         = λ s ( y ) + µ s( z ) .
           
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                    ÓÈÏ©mÈˈ°« Á‚Ó}ÒºÓÈã °ˆÈm«Ò® }ÈÎºä‚ ªãËäËӈ‚ ãÒÓˮӺº ¹¯º
                           °ˆ¯ÈÓ°ˆmÈ x ∈ Λ m°ººˆmˈ°ˆmÒËҰ㺠f ( x ) 
               
               
j°²º« ÒÏ º¹¯ËËãËÓÒ®  °ãË‚ˈ ˆº ӂãËmº® Ò ¹¯ºˆÒmº¹ºãºÎÓ©®
Á‚Ó}ÒºÓÈã©«mã« ˆ°«ãÒÓˮөäÒÒˆº ∀x ∈ Λ °¹¯ÈmËãÒm©¯ÈmËÓ°ˆmÈ

                                        f ( x) + g( x) = g( x) + f ( x)               ;
                                      ( f ( x ) + g ( x )) + h( x ) = f ( x ) + ( g ( x ) + h( x )) ; 
                                       f ( x ) + o( x ) = f ( x ) ; f ( x ) + ( − f ( x )) = o( x ) .
                                                                              
                                                                              

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