Основы физики и химии полупроводников - 59 стр.

UptoLike

R
Hn
= u
Hn
/ u
n
ne = r
n
/ne, (5.12)
ɝɞɟ u
Hn
ɢ u
n
ɯɨɥɥɨɜɫɤɚɹ ɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɫɤɨɩɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɨɜ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ;
nɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɨɜ;
r
n
= u
Hn
/u
n
ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦɵɣ ɯɨɥɥ-
ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɦ.
Ⱥɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɨ, ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɚ p-ɬɢɩɚ:
R
Hp
= u
Hp
/ u
p
pe = r
p
/pe, (5.13)
ɝɞɟ u
Hp
ɢ u
p
ɯɨɥɥɨɜɫɤɚɹ ɢ ɦɢɤɪɨɫɤɨɩɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɵɪɨɤ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ;
p – ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɹ ɞɵɪɨɤ; r
p
= u
Hp
/u
p
.
ɉɪɢ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɦ ɬɢɩɟ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ:
R
H
= (r
n
nu
2
n
- r
p
pu
2
p
) / e(nu
n
+ pu
p
)
2
. (5.14)
Ɂɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ r ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɪɚɫɫɟɹɧɢɹ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ. ȼ
ɧɟɜɵɪɨɠɞɟɧɧɨɦ ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɟ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɫɟɹɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɬɟɩɥɨɜɵɯ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɹɯ
ɪɟɲɟɬɤɢ r = r
n
= r
p
= 1.17, ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɫɟɹɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɢɨɧɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɫɧɵɯ
ɰɟɧɬɪɚɯ r = 1,93, ɚ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɫɫɟɹɧɢɢ ɧɚ ɧɟɣɬɪɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɰɟɧɬɪɚɯ r = 1.
Ⱦɥɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɜ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɩɚɪɚɥɥɟɥɟɩɢɩɟɞɚ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ
ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɚ ɏɨɥɥɚ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɦ. ɇɚ ɜɟɪɯɧɟɣ ɝɪɚɧɢ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ
ɪɚɡɦɟɳɚɸɬɫɹ ɞɜɚ ɡɨɧɞɚ (1 ɢ 2) ɜɞɨɥɶ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɬɨɤɚ, ɚ ɫɨ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ
ɧɢɠɧɟɣ ɝɪɚɧɢ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɡɨɧɞ 3, ɜɫɬɪɟɱɧɵɣ ɨɞɧɨɦɭ ɢɡ ɜɟɪɯɧɢɯ
(ɪɢɫ. 34). ɋ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɡɨɧɞɨɜ 1 ɢ 2 ɢɡɦɟɪɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ, ɚ ɡɨɧɞɵ 1 ɢ
3 ɫɥɭɠɚɬ ɞɥɹ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɯɨɥɥɨɜɫɤɨɣ ɪɚɡɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɨɜ U
H
. Ⱦɥɹ
ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɚ n-ɬɢɩɚ:
R
Hn
= U
H
d/I
x
BB
y
, (5.15)
ɝɞɟ dɬɨɥɳɢɧɚ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ ɜ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɦɚɝɧɢɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɹ.
Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ, ɢɡɦɟɪɹɹ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬ ɏɨɥɥɚ ɢ ɡɧɚɹ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ
ɪɚɫɫɟɹɧɢɹ ɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɟɣ, ɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɚɣɬɢ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɸ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɨɜ ɢ ɞɵɪɨɤ ɜ
ɩɨɥɭɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɢɤɚɯ n- ɢ p-ɬɢɩɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ. Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ, ɤɨɝɞɚ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɶ
ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɦɟɲɚɧɧɨɣ, ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɧɬɪɚɰɢɢ
ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɧɨɜ ɢ ɞɵɪɨɤ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ ɏɨɥɥɚ.
Ⱦɥɹ ɩɥɨɫɤɢɯ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɨɜ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɥɶɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ, ɚ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɞɥɹ
ɷɩɢɬɚɤɫɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɥɟɧɨɤ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɢɦ ɦɟɬɨɞ ȼɚɧ ɞɟɪ ɉɚɭ. ȼ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ
ɷɮɮɟɤɬɚ ɏɨɥɥɚ ɩɪɢɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɟ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ. Ʉɚɤ ɢ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɢ
ɭɞɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɨɩɪɨɜɨɞɧɨɫɬɢ, ɧɚ ɩɟɪɢɮɟɪɢɢ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɰɚ
ɪɚɫɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬɫɹ ɬɨɱɟɱɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɬɚɤɬɵ. ɏɨɥɥɨɜɫɤɚɹ ɩɨɞɜɢɠɧɨɫɬɶ
59