Architecture. Зайцева И.В. - 47 стр.

talent and inventiveness of Sir Christopher Wren who used the classic forms
with great purity and correctness. After the Great fire of London he rebuilt a
great number of churches and dwellings of the wealthy citizens. St. Paul’s
which according to art specialists is the finest protestant cathedral in the
world, is a good example of it, as well as the west towers of Westminster
Abbey. Both the outstanding architects managed to profit by the new
movement in architecture leaving the national foundation of English
architecture intact. Most of the English early Renaissance structures are
hybrid in style, often retaining Norman or Gothic features. The buildings of
Oxford show this quite clearly: they are to a large extent Gothic but the
gateways and parts of the building themselves abound in Renaissance
decoration.

          4.6 Read the text and write the summary of it in Russian

                                      Text 4 D

                                   English Classicism

        The 18th century is the age of classicism both in art and in architecture.
The English court and nobility had cultivated a fancy for the “antique” which
in their belief was a sign of wealth and power. The Adam brothers, the
eminent architects of the time, proved particularly ingenious in applying the
principles off classicism both in town-planning and country house design.
Though they followed the traditions of their predecessor Wren, they,
nevertheless, contrived to make the solid and bulky exteriors go beautifully
with the elegance and graceful ease of the interiors, which, too, were strictly
classical in shape. Sentimentalism was then in vogue and it was a custom with
the aristocracy to spend their leisure hours at home with their own folks. This
consequently heightened their interest in furniture and decorative art. The
Chippendale chairs shortly found their way first to the mansions of the
aristocracy and then to those of the bourgeoisie, affecting the tastes of the
latter accordingly. Thomas Chippendale was a celebrated cabinet-maker who
made his mark producing beautiful, elegant and remarkably comfortable
furniture.

       4.7 Audial practice

      4.7.1 Listen to the text and render it either in English or in
Russian

                                          Text 4 E

                 English Architecture of the 19th Century

      In architecture the 19th century was that of Charles Barry, William Railton and
Edward Baily. It was a period of romanticism, of industrial and social revolution, of the