Architecture. Зайцева И.В. - 48 стр.

railway. The eminent Victorians were looking back from the Middle Ages. Gothic was
considered the true national style, and Tudor that of the century of England’s great
glory. So when the Houses of Parliament were destroyed by fire, Charles Barry rebuilt
them in 1837-1867 in the Tudor Gothic style. He also built the Gothic St. Peter’s
Church in Brighton. A Gothic architect William Railton built the Nelson Memorial in
1843. He had designed it as a Corinthian column with bas-reliefs of Nelson’s victories
as its base, and the statue of Nelson which crowns the column was done by Edward
Baily. It was only in 1867 that Landseer put his bronze lions at the foot of the column.
As Barry’s later work was in the manner of the Italian Renaissance the decoration of the
New Houses of Parliament was a compromise: classical in their symmetry and
construction, but Gothic in appearance. Oddly enough, the Albert Hall which was being
built at same time by a Royal Engineer, Captain Fowke, was classical in inspiration and
simplicity, A huge cylindrical building with a terracotta frieze of the Triumph of the
Arts, and a glass and iron dome.

       4.8 Read the text and tell about modern English architects

       Text 4 F

                                Modern English Architecture

        Architecture in the beginning of the 20th c. failed to adapt new designs to new
technique and material, to steel, glass and reinforced concrete though the architects of
the Edwardian decade of 1901-1910 Webb, Norman Shaw, Voysey and Mackintosh had
been the most influential in Europe. In the 1930-ies the situation was reversed: the new
functional architecture of the continent began to influence Britain, the new structures
were stripped of ornament to emphasize the essential qualities of proportion and relation
of parts to one another and the whole. It was particularly felt in Charles Holden’s
designs for London underground stations and the early works of Owen Williams.
        A new architectural group known as the Tecton group, founded by Berthold
Lubetkin built the Highpoint Flats at Highgate a vertical garden city and Finsbury
Health Center with its curved and tiled facade. Another architectural group which
favored structural abstract art or formal relationship known as Unit One strove to give
structural purpose to British art. Leslie Martin, C. H. Aslin, Maxwell Fry, Jane Drew
and Basil Spence are the distinguished architects of post-war Britain. They, sort of,
relaxed the austerities of the pre-war architecture. Their disposition of buildings was
aesthetically satisfying. The Royal Festival Hall designed by Mathew and Leslie and
Martin comes closest in its spirit to the first modern building the Crystal Palace.

       4.9 With your partner make up a dialogue about one of the periods in the
history of British architecture

      4.10 Summarize your knowledge of the question under consideration.
Speak about history of British architecture