Computer Engineering (English for Special Purposes). Андриенко А.С. - 24 стр.

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and electrical engineering to all problems of telegraph, telephone,
radio, and other communication.
Vocabulary:
1. depot – склад
2. ordnance – артиллерия
13) Naval or Marine Engineering
1. What engineers are called naval architects?
2. What specialized branch of knowledge must the marine
engineer take into consideration?
Engineers who have the overall responsibility for designing
and supervising
1
construction of ships are called naval architects.
The ships they design range in size from ocean-going supertankers as
much as 1300 feet long to small tugboats
2
that operate in rivers and
bays. Regardless of size, ships must be designed and 'built so that
they are safe, stable, strong, and fast enough to perform the type of
work intended
3
for them. To accomplish this, a naval architect must
be familiar with the variety of techniques of modern shipbuilding, and
must have a thorough grounding
4
in applied sciences and mechanics
that bear directly on how ships move through water.
Marine engineering is a specialized branch of mechanical
engineering devoted to the design and operation of systems, both
mechanical and electrical, needed to propel a ship. In helping the
naval architect design ships, the marine engineer must choose a
propulsion unit, such as a diesel engine or geared steam turbine, that
provides enough power to move the ship at the speed required, the
engineer must take into consideration
5
how much the engine and
fuel bunkers will weigh and how much space they will occupy, as well
as the projected costs of fuel and maintenance.
Vocabulary:
1. to supervise – руководить, заведовать, наблюдать
2. tugboat – моторная лодка
3. indented – предназначенный
4. to ground – основываться
5. to take into consideration – принимать во внимание
89
e.g. d). He is famous for his research in computer graphics.
It occurs less often, mainly with words such as problem, cause,
relation, origin.
Экзамен
- examination
An examination
, like а test, is designed to test someone's
knowledge or ability, but is usually conducted more formally and the
results are more important. The contraction exam
is widely used by
teachers and learners, the full form being confined to formal style.
In England most examinations are written, in all types of
educational establishments. The examination paper
is set
beforehand (meaning that the examiners choose and put together а
series of questions to be answered), and either duplicated
("размножены") or printed. At the examination each pupil/student is
given а сору, and they sit and answer the questions in writing for а
fixed period of time. Sometimes they have to answer аll the questions,
sometimes only а certain number, according to the instructions printed
on the paper. When the time is up, they give in their papers and leave
the room. The papers are marked later and the results announced. In
the case of internal examinations it may be a few days later, but with
public
and degree examinations it is usually about two months.
In modern languages there is usually an oral
examination too,
often called simply an oral in non-formal style, but there are no oral
examinations in other subjects. In such subjects as chemistry, physics,
biology, cookery, woodwork there are practical examinations, often
called simply practicals in non-formal situations.
The following expressions are used in connection with
examinations. Remember that most of them refer mainly to written
examinations, as described above.
Экзаменационная работа
- examination paper
This term is used in three different senses:
(1) оf the content of the examination, the questions;
e.g. а). (One student to another) - What did you think of the paper?
- It was terrible.
(2) of the sheet on which the questions are printed or typed;
e.g. b). (Candidate to invigilator) - Excuse me I haven't got а paper.
(3) of the sheet on which the answers are written;
e.g. с). (Invigilator to candidates) - Please give in your papers now.
The meaning is usually clear from the context, but if necessary the
following more explicit expressions can be used:
the questions
- for the content
the question paper
- for the sheet on which the questions are
printed

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