Computer Engineering (English for Special Purposes). Андриенко А.С. - 26 стр.

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26
within reach of the operator, and to eliminate
2
dangerous projecting
parts. In designing roads the safety engineer seeks to avoid such
hazards as sharp turns and blind intersections, known to result in
traffic accidents. Many large industrial and construction firms, and
insurance
3
companies engaged in
4
the field of workers
compensation, today maintain safety engineering departments.
Vocabulary:
1. hazardous – опасный
2. eliminate – устранять
3. insurance – страхование
4. to be engaged in – быть вовлеченным
16) Sanitary Engineering
1. Prove that the field of sanitary engineering deals with the
environment protection.
2. If you are given the right to develop the program of sewage
and other wastes recycling what ideas will your project
contain?
This is a branch of civil engineering, but because of its great
importance for a healthy environment, especially in dense urban
population areas
1
, it has acquired the importance of a specialized
field. It chiefly deals with problems involving water supply, treatment,
and distribution; disposal of community wastes and reclamation
2
of
useful components of such wastes; control of pollution of surface
waterways, groundwater's, and soils; milk and food sanitation
3
;
housing and institutional sanitation; rural
4
sanitation; insect and
vermin
5
control; control of atmospheric pollution; industrial hygiene,
including control of light, noise, vibration, and toxic materials in work
areas; and other fields concerned with the control of environmental
factors affecting health. The methods used for supplying communities
with pure water and for the disposal of sewage and other wastes are
described separately.
Vocabulary:
1. dense urban population areas – густонаселенные городские
районы
2. reclamation – восстановление
3. sanitation – санитария
4. rural – сельский
5. vermin – вредители, паразиты
87
Part VI. Supplementary Terminology Section
This section consists of two parts.
The first part contains definition and explanation of terms you
will need to undertake a research process. The appropriate translation
and explanation of the terms like examination, research, reproduction,
précis, composition, essay, translation, making notes, etc. are worth
studying at the second educational level for Bachelor students.
The second part is aimed at acquaintance with translation of
names of specialities, faculties, departments, terms and abbreviations
connected with academic studies. The given stock of vocabulary is
essential for radio-engineering students.
I. Definition and Explanation of Terms
Диплом
(First) degree
is usually the most appropriate translation, since
диплом is awarded after five - years’ specialized study at an institution
of higher education. The use of Diplоmа
implies а shorter course,
from one of а lower academic standard.
First should be included only when it is necessary to distinguish
this degree (=диплом
) from а higher degree (=ученая степень).
e.g. - I've only got а first degree.
Дипломная работа
is difficult to translate into English, because
there is nothing of this kind in most higher educational establishments
in England. In order to graduate, students only have to pass the
necessary examinations. In some institutions, however, mainly newer
ones, students also have to write а dissertation, that is, а sort of
extended essay based on some independent study or investigation,
and this practice seems to be spreading. Dissertation
could therefore
be used as а translation of дипломная работа, bearing in mind that it
exists only in some English institutions. In American English
dissertation is а work submitted for а higheг degree (BrE thesis). This
fact and the possible confusion with the Russian диссертация
make
dissertation а far from ideal translation of дипломная работа.
The only other solution seems to be some descriptive expression
with graduation, for ехаmple, graduation essay/paper/dissertation.
Дипломный проект
can be translated as graduation project.
Remember, however, that this is not а set expression and that project
has а wider use in modern English.
Защита дипломной работы/дипломного проекта
Even in those institutions where students write а dissertation there
is no occasion corresponding to the Russian защита. The dissertation
is simply marked by the examiner(s) together with the student's

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