Фрагменты когнитивной психологии. Бабушкин А.П. - 14 стр.

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14
Unit 5
Concepts and Categories
1. Give Russian equivalents to the following English words.
What part of speech do they belong to?
Description, class, classification, contrast, criterion, prototype, instance,
exemplar, function, situation, person, basis, fact, flamingo;
Real, potential, conceptual, classical, historical, central, summary, particular,
intelligent, equivalent, alternative.
Treat, theorize, organize, constitute, analyze, interpret, cause, reason,
communicate, index.
Objectively.
2. Find the meaning of the following words in a dictionary:
1. Indude (v)
2. entity (n)
3. deny (v)
4. misleading (a)
5. counterpart (n)
6. discover (v)
7. sufficient (a)
8. even (number) (a)
9. similar (a)
10. robbin (n)
11. rattlesnake (n)
12. prediction (n)
13. avoid (v)
14. breathe (v)
15. frame (v)
3. Match synonyms. If you don’t know a word from the right column, consult a
dictionary:
1) misleading
2) counterpart
3) ground
4) impact
5) sufficient
6) pure
7) similarity
1) resemblance
2) influence
3) clean
4) enough
5) foundation
6) deceptive
7) equivalent
4. Read and translate the text:
Concepts and Categories
A concept is a mental representation of idea that includes a description of
important properties of a class or term. Concepts refer to categories, a category being a
partitioning to which a certain assertion or assertions apply. Whenever a category
includes two or more members, then classification involves treating multiple entities as
in some way equivalent. An alternative contrast between categories and concepts, which
we wish to deny, suggests that categories are classes of entities that are objectively in 
                                           14
                                          Unit 5

                                  Concepts and Categories

1. Give Russian equivalents to the following English words.
   What part of speech do they belong to?

       Description, class, classification, contrast, criterion, prototype, instance,
exemplar, function, situation, person, basis, fact, flamingo;
       Real, potential, conceptual, classical, historical, central, summary, particular,
intelligent, equivalent, alternative.
       Treat, theorize, organize, constitute, analyze, interpret, cause, reason,
communicate, index.
       Objectively.

2. Find the meaning of the following words in a dictionary:

1.   Indude (v)                6. discover (v)                 11. rattlesnake (n)
2.   entity (n)                7. sufficient (a)               12. prediction (n)
3.   deny (v)                  8. even (number) (a)            13. avoid (v)
4.   misleading (a)            9. similar (a)                  14. breathe (v)
5.   counterpart (n)          10. robbin (n)                   15. frame (v)

3. Match synonyms. If you don’t know a word from the right column, consult a
   dictionary:

           1)   misleading                      1)   resemblance
           2)   counterpart                     2)   influence
           3)   ground                          3)   clean
           4)   impact                          4)   enough
           5)   sufficient                      5)   foundation
           6)   pure                            6)   deceptive
           7)   similarity                      7)   equivalent

4. Read and translate the text:

                                   Concepts and Categories

       A concept is a mental representation of idea that includes a description of
important properties of a class or term. Concepts refer to categories, a category being a
partitioning to which a certain assertion or assertions apply. Whenever a category
includes two or more members, then classification involves treating multiple entities as
in some way equivalent. An alternative contrast between categories and concepts, which
we wish to deny, suggests that categories are classes of entities that are objectively in

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