Theoretical English Grammar. Part 1. Morphology. Бочарова М.В. - 17 стр.

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Syncretic elements: will, shall, have
o syntactic classes:
3.1. Finite Verbs – can only be the Predicate; govern the syntactic and se-
mantic pattern of the sentence;
3.2 . Non-Finite Verbs / Verbals (Infinitive, Gerund, Participle I, Partici-
ple II):
– can’t perform the function of the Predicate on their own;
– can be the Subject, Object, Predicative (Complement), or Attribute.
o morphological classes:
4.1. Regular (‘weak’) verbs;
4.2. Irregular verbs:
– ‘strong’ V. – root vowel interchange takes place (sometimes + suffix -en);
– mixed V. 1) root vowel interchange + suffix –t;
2) past s. + -ed; past part. + -en;
– suppletive forms (formed from different roots);
– unchangeable V.
THE MORPHOLOGICAL CATEGORY OF TENSE OF THE VERB
o the central means in the functional semantic field of Temporality (Time)
o The morphological category of Tense of the Verb.
General
Meaning /
Function
Relates the even
t
(the universa
l
time to the moment
of reference
speech
point)
Forms: the
opposition
of
Present form,
unmarked
Past form,
marked syntheti-
cally
Future form,
marked analyti-
cally
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Syncretic elements: will, shall, have
o syntactic classes:
  3.1. Finite Verbs – can only be the Predicate; govern the syntactic and se-
mantic pattern of the sentence;
  3.2 . Non-Finite Verbs / Verbals (Infinitive, Gerund, Participle I, Partici-
       ple II):
– can’t perform the function of the Predicate on their own;
– can be the Subject, Object, Predicative (Complement), or Attribute.


o morphological classes:
 4.1. Regular (‘weak’) verbs;
 4.2. Irregular verbs:
– ‘strong’ V. – root vowel interchange takes place (sometimes + suffix -en);
– mixed V. 1) root vowel interchange + suffix –t;
              2) past s. + -ed; past part. + -en;
– suppletive forms (formed from different roots);
– unchangeable V.



THE MORPHOLOGICAL CATEGORY OF TENSE OF THE VERB


o the central means in the functional semantic field of Temporality (Time)


o The morphological category of Tense of the Verb.
  General              Relates the event time to the moment speech
  Meaning /                (the universal         of reference   point)
  Function
  Forms: the           Present form,                Past form,     Future form,
  opposition             unmarked            marked syntheti-    marked analyti-
  of                                                  cally               cally

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