Theoretical English Grammar. Part 2. Syntax. Бочарова М.В. - 13 стр.

– is placed after a Simple Verbal Predicate expressed by a Transitive Verb,
– is typically expressed by a Noun, Pronoun, or Gerund.


o If a Monotransitive verb is used, there is one object in the sentence, [1] direct
Object:
– general semantics: names a passive participant of the situation, directly in-
volved in or affected by the action (semantics of ‘patient’).
– semantic subtypes of direct Object: (1) the object of a physical action; (2) the
object of perception or emotion, (3) the object which appears as a result of an
action, etc.


o If a Ditransitive verb is used, there are two objects in the sentence, direct Ob-
ject and [2] indirect Object:
– general semantics: names the third participant of the action, usually a person at
whom the action is directed / for whom it is performed = a ‘recepient’ / ‘inter-
ested witness’ / ‘beneficiary’.


o The order of the direct and indirect object:
1) standard, non-emphatic: SVOiOd � neither takes a preposition = they are
prepositionless,
2) reversed, with emphasis on Oi, which also changes its form by taking a
preposition (to or for): SVOdOi.prep. (prepositional indirect Object).


o Many linguists argue that Prepositional Verbs also take objects, called [3]
prepositional Objects, as:
– they are used when there is no direct object in the sentence,
– Prepositions only mark the syntactic relation of Government between the verb
and the object.


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