Theoretical English Grammar. Part 2. Syntax. Бочарова М.В. - 16 стр.

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(ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩ ɢɧɮɨɪɦɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ, ɤɨɦɦɭɧɢɤɚɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɢ ɫɦɵɫɥɨɜɨɣ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ).
o ĺ not only the Subject and the Predicate but also the Object in sentences
with a transitive verb as the Pr are obligatory sentence constituents and form a
clause.
o Adverbials in sentences with Verbs of certain semantic classes (e.g. with
verbs of movement or location) are also considered obligatory.
o From this point of view only some Adverbials are optional – those which
give additional more details, e.g. about the circumstances or manner of the ac-
tion, and can be omitted without ruining the grammatical structure and affecting
the meaning of the sentence.
BASIC PATTERNS OF THE SIMPLE SENTENCE:
THEIR STRUCTURAL BASIS AND NOMINATIVE SEMANTICS
o Any utterance is built on a pattern which is a structural semantic unity and
unit, i.e. every sentence pattern has both its specific, individual meaning (nomi-
native semantics) and form (structural basis).
o Nominative semantics:
– there is a system of a few basic types of situations into which innumerable
real life situations have been arranged as a result of natural systematizing,
– every sentence pattern names a typified situation of objective reality.
o The form:
16
(������� �������������, ��������������� � ��������� �������������).


o � not only the Subject and the Predicate but also the Object in sentences
with a transitive verb as the Pr are obligatory sentence constituents and form a
clause.


o Adverbials in sentences with Verbs of certain semantic classes (e.g. with
verbs of movement or location) are also considered obligatory.


o From this point of view only some Adverbials are optional – those which
give additional more details, e.g. about the circumstances or manner of the ac-
tion, and can be omitted without ruining the grammatical structure and affecting
the meaning of the sentence.




BASIC PATTERNS OF THE SIMPLE SENTENCE:
THEIR STRUCTURAL BASIS AND NOMINATIVE SEMANTICS


o Any utterance is built on a pattern which is a structural semantic unity and
unit, i.e. every sentence pattern has both its specific, individual meaning (nomi-
native semantics) and form (structural basis).


o Nominative semantics:
– there is a system of a few basic types of situations into which innumerable
real life situations have been arranged as a result of natural systematizing,
– every sentence pattern names a typified situation of objective reality.


o The form:


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