Методические указания по английскому языку для студентов I курса всех факультетов. Часть 2. Богданова Н.А - 63 стр.

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Обратите внимание на их формальные признаки, функции в
предложении и различия в переводе.
1. All the necessary preparations having been done, the workers began assembling
the unit.
All the necessary preparations having been done enabled us to finish the work
on time.
2. The temperature raising very quickly, we stopped the experiment.
The temperature raising so quickly was the greatest drawback of the system.
3. The new method having been studied in detail, it was decided to introduce it at
the plant.
The new method having been studied in detail helped us to introduce it at the
plant very quickly.
TEXT 9A
19. Прочитайте и переведите текст 9A.
ROBOTS
The word "robot" has its origin in a science fiction written in 1920 by the
Czeck playwright Karel Čapek and simply means "work". He used this word to
designate a mechanical worker looking like а man, possessing unusual physical
strength infinite capacity for work and totally devoid of such drawbacks as fatigue,
distraction and emotions.
The robots of our time resemble humans very little. Modern robots come in
all shapes and sizes. Yet it is not easy to identify a robot by its size or shape. The
only way to tell whether a device is a robot or not is to see how it works and what it
does. If it- can do things without being controlled directly by в human being then it
is. a robot.
The basic principle of all robots is that of funding solution, trying it,
rejecting it if it does not work and trying another one. This is called the principle of
"feedback"
1
. Feedback enables the robot to regulate itself self-regulation is the key
to what is robot and what is not.
Modem predecessors of robots were different kinds of apparatus for handling
objects at a distance, because human contact with such objects was hazardous or
impossible. The first such manipulators were developed between 1940-1950 using 
    Обратите внимание на их формальные признаки, функции в
    предложении и различия в переводе.
1. All the necessary preparations having been done, the workers began assembling
   the unit.
   All the necessary preparations having been done enabled us to finish the work
   on time.
2. The temperature raising very quickly, we stopped the experiment.
   The temperature raising so quickly was the greatest drawback of the system.
3. The new method having been studied in detail, it was decided to introduce it at
   the plant.
   The new method having been studied in detail helped us to introduce it at the
   plant very quickly.

                                      TEXT 9A

19. Прочитайте и переведите текст 9A.

                                      ROBOTS

       The word "robot" has its origin in a science fiction written in 1920 by the
Czeck playwright Karel Čapek and simply means "work". He used this word to
designate a mechanical worker looking like а man, possessing unusual physical
strength infinite capacity for work and totally devoid of such drawbacks as fatigue,
distraction and emotions.
        The robots of our time resemble humans very little. Modern robots come in
all shapes and sizes. Yet it is not easy to identify a robot by its size or shape. The
only way to tell whether a device is a robot or not is to see how it works and what it
does. If it- can do things without being controlled directly by в human being then it
is. a robot.
       The basic principle of all robots is that of funding solution, trying it,
rejecting it if it does not work and trying another one. This is called the principle of
"feedback"1. Feedback enables the robot to regulate itself self-regulation is the key
to what is robot and what is not.
      Modem predecessors of robots were different kinds of apparatus for handling
objects at a distance, because human contact with such objects was hazardous or
impossible. The first such manipulators were developed between 1940-1950 using

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