Исследование колебаний лопаток и дисков ГТД. Чигрин В.С. - 17 стр.

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17
ɂɡ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ (2.1) ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɞɢɫɤɚ
ɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɩɪɹɦɨ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɟ ɞɢɫɤɚ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨ
ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɭ ɪɚɞɢɭɫɚ ɞɢɫɤɚ. ɑɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɧɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɞɢɫɤɚ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ E /
U
ɧɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɞɢɫɤɚ ɢ ɞɥɹ
ɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɟɜɵɯ ɞɢɫɤɨɜ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɦ.
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2.1
ɑɢɫɥɨ
ɭɡɥɨɜɵɯ
ɨɤɪɭɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ
N = 0 N = 1 N = 2 N = 3
S = 0 3,75 3,42 5,39 12,49
S = 1 20,91 27,56 34,80 53,30
S = 2 60,68 – – –
ȼ ɪɨɬɨɪɚɯ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɧɨ-ɞɢɫɤɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɞɢɫɤ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɧɵɦɢ
ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɦɢ ɩɨ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɦɭ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɭ. Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɫɥɭɱɚɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ
D
NS
ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ. 2.2.
Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2.2
ɑɢɫɥɨ ɭɡɥɨɜɵɯ
ɨɤɪɭɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ
N = 0 N = 1 N = 2 N = 3
S = 0 10,24 21,25 33,60 51
S = 1 39,80 60,80 84,60 111
S = 2 89,00 120,00 153,80 190
S = 3 158,30 199,00 243,00 –
Ɂɚɞɚɱɚ ʋ 1
ȼɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɶ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɞɢɫɤɚ ɞɥɹ ɮɨɪɦ ɫ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɭɡɥɨɜɵɦ
ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ, ɫ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɭɡɥɨɜɵɦɢ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ ɢ ɫ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɭɡɥɨɜɵɦɢ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ ɢ
ɨɞɧɨɣ ɭɡɥɨɜɨɣ ɨɤɪɭɠɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɞɢɭɫɟ ɞɢɫɤɚ
R = ɦɦ, ɬɨɥɳɢɧɟ
h =
ɦɦ, ɦɨɞɭɥɟ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɫɬɢ ȿ = 2,110
5
Ɇɇ/ɦ
2
ɢ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɟ ɉɭɚɫɫɨɧɚ
P = 0,3 ɩɪɢ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɞɢɫɤɚ ɜ ɰɟɧɬɪɟ.
2.4. ɗɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ ɢ ɮɨɪɦ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ
ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɞɢɫɤɚ
Ⱦɥɹ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ ɢ ɮɨɪɦ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ
ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɞɢɫɤɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɚ ɠɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ, ɱɬɨ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɥɨɩɚɬɨɤ. ɇɚ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ (ɪɢɫ.2.2) ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɚ
ɡɚɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɢɫɤɨɦ. Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɫ ɜɢɛɪɨɫɬɟɧɞɨɦ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɚ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɨɣ ɜ
ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ʋ1.
Ɂɚɞɚɱɚ ʋ 2
Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧ. ȼɦɟɫɬɨ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɵ ɧɚ ɫɬɨɣɤɭ ɤɪɟɩɢɬɫɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɣ ɞɢɫɤ,
ɤɪɚɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɨɜɨɞɤɨɦ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɦ ɫɬɨɥɨɦ ɜɢɛɪɚɬɨɪɚ. ɉɨɥɶɡɭɹɫɶ
ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɨɣ, ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ʋ1, ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɩɟɫɨɱɧɵɯ
ɮɢɝɭɪ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɟ 9 - 10 ɮɨɪɦ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɞɢɫɤɚ, ɡɚɪɢɫɭɣɬɟ ɢɯ ɢ ɡɚɩɢɲɢɬɟ
ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ.
                                                                         17
      ɂɡ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɵ (2.1) ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɞɢɫɤɚ
ɩɨ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɩɪɹɦɨ ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚ ɬɨɥɳɢɧɟ ɞɢɫɤɚ ɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɧɨ
ɩɪɨɩɨɪɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɚ ɤɜɚɞɪɚɬɭ ɪɚɞɢɭɫɚ ɞɢɫɤɚ. ɑɚɫɬɨɬɚ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɧɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ
ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɞɢɫɤɚ, ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ E / U ɧɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɞɢɫɤɚ ɢ ɞɥɹ
ɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɚɥɸɦɢɧɢɟɜɵɯ ɞɢɫɤɨɜ, ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ, ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɵɦ.
                                                                 Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2.1
     ɑɢɫɥɨ
   ɭɡɥɨɜɵɯ          N=0            N=1            N=2            N=3
 ɨɤɪɭɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ
     S=0             3,75           3,42           5,39          12,49
      S=1           20,91          27,56          34,80          53,30
      S=2           60,68             –              –             –
      ȼ ɪɨɬɨɪɚɯ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɧɨ-ɞɢɫɤɨɜɨɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɰɢɢ ɞɢɫɤ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧ ɛɚɪɚɛɚɧɧɵɦɢ
ɭɱɚɫɬɤɚɦɢ ɩɨ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɦɭ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɭ. Ⱦɥɹ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɫɥɭɱɚɹ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɨɜ D
NS ɩɪɢɜɟɞɟɧɵ ɜ ɬɚɛɥ. 2.2.
                                                                 Ɍɚɛɥɢɰɚ 2.2
     ɑɢɫɥɨ ɭɡɥɨɜɵɯ           N=0          N=1           N=2       N=3
      ɨɤɪɭɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ
          S=0               10,24        21,25         33,60        51
          S=1               39,80        60,80         84,60       111
          S=2               89,00        120,00       153,80       190
          S=3               158,30       199,00       243,00         –
Ɂɚɞɚɱɚ ʋ 1
     ȼɵɱɢɫɥɢɬɶ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɭ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɞɢɫɤɚ ɞɥɹ ɮɨɪɦ ɫ ɨɞɧɢɦ ɭɡɥɨɜɵɦ
ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɨɦ, ɫ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɭɡɥɨɜɵɦɢ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ ɢ ɫ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɭɡɥɨɜɵɦɢ ɞɢɚɦɟɬɪɚɦɢ ɢ
ɨɞɧɨɣ ɭɡɥɨɜɨɣ ɨɤɪɭɠɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɪɢ ɪɚɞɢɭɫɟ ɞɢɫɤɚ R =            ɦɦ, ɬɨɥɳɢɧɟ
                                        5     2
h=       ɦɦ, ɦɨɞɭɥɟ ɭɩɪɭɝɨɫɬɢ ȿ = 2,1˜10 Ɇɇ/ɦ ɢ ɤɨɷɮɮɢɰɢɟɧɬɟ ɉɭɚɫɫɨɧɚ
P = 0,3 ɩɪɢ ɡɚɤɪɟɩɥɟɧɢɢ ɞɢɫɤɚ ɜ ɰɟɧɬɪɟ.
  2.4. ɗɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ ɢ ɮɨɪɦ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ
                         ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɞɢɫɤɚ
     Ⱦɥɹ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɱɚɫɬɨɬ ɢ ɮɨɪɦ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ
ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɞɢɫɤɚ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬɫɹ ɬɚ ɠɟ ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɚ, ɱɬɨ ɢ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɥɨɩɚɬɨɤ. ɇɚ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ (ɪɢɫ.2.2) ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɚ
ɡɚɦɟɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɢɫɤɨɦ. Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɫ ɜɢɛɪɨɫɬɟɧɞɨɦ ɚɧɚɥɨɝɢɱɧɚ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɧɨɣ ɜ
ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ʋ1.
Ɂɚɞɚɱɚ ʋ 2
     Ɋɚɛɨɬɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ ɞɥɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ
ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧ. ȼɦɟɫɬɨ ɩɥɚɫɬɢɧɵ ɧɚ ɫɬɨɣɤɭ ɤɪɟɩɢɬɫɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɣ ɞɢɫɤ,
ɤɪɚɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɨɜɨɞɤɨɦ ɫɨɟɞɢɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɫ ɪɚɛɨɱɢɦ ɫɬɨɥɨɦ ɜɢɛɪɚɬɨɪɚ. ɉɨɥɶɡɭɹɫɶ
ɦɟɬɨɞɢɤɨɣ, ɢɡɥɨɠɟɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɥɚɛɨɪɚɬɨɪɧɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ʋ1, ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɩɟɫɨɱɧɵɯ
ɮɢɝɭɪ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɟ 9 - 10 ɮɨɪɦ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ ɞɢɫɤɚ, ɡɚɪɢɫɭɣɬɟ ɢɯ ɢ ɡɚɩɢɲɢɬɟ
ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɧɵɟ ɱɚɫɬɨɬɵ ɤɨɥɟɛɚɧɢɣ.

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