Английский язык: Сборник текстов и упражнений для студентов специальностей "Промышленное рыболовство". Дьякова Н.П. - 9 стр.

        With the progressing industrialization of marine fisheries in the early 1900s,
evidence began to mount that fish stocks were declining under increasing fishing
pressure, particularly Pacific halibut and those stocks fished by trawl in the North
Sea. Concern over these fisheries led to the formation of several international fishery
commissions. With the rapid industrialization of commercial marine fisheries and the
use of factory methods for processing on shipboard, effective fishery management
became necessary on a globe scale. Collapses among some important fisheries, in-
cluding Atlantic herring, Alaska king crab, California sardines and of some others
drew even more attention to the fragility of fishery stocks. The United States declared
its 200 mile “Fisheries Conservation Zone” with the Fishery Conservation and Man-
agement Act (FCMA) of 1976. The FCMA created eight regional management coun-
cils to oversee fisheries in the 200 mile zone and allowed foreign states to harvest on-
ly those stocks present in surplus. The act also directed fishery managers to take
economic, social and politic factors into account, in addition to scientific criteria, in
establishing fishery policy. After 1983, the Fisheries Conservation Zone came to be
known as the “Exclusive Economic Zone” or EEZ.


                                      Vocabulary
      to engage in                     заниматься чем-либо
      relatively                       относительно
      sophisticated                    сложный
      native people                    коренное население
      to attest                        свидетельствовать= to witness
      significance                     значение
      to sustain                       поддерживать
      to prey on (upon)                охотиться на
      it is noteworthy that            достойно внимания что …, следует
                                       обратить
                                       внимания
      effort                           попытка
      recreational fisheries           рыбный промысел для отдыха и развлече-
                                       ния
      allocation                       выделение, квота
      pressing                         неотложный
      turn                             рубеж
      to hasten                        ускорять рост, процесс
      advent                           появление, ввод
      menhaden                         американская сельдь
      longliner                        судно с ярусным промыслом
      long-lining                      ярусный промысел
      halibut                          палтус

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