Английский язык. Ч. 2. Гималетдинова Г.К - 6 стр.

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глаголы, (то есть те, которые могут иметь прямое дополнение): They ask ques-
tions. Questions are asked. Непереходные (не принимающие прямого дополне-
ния) глаголы не могут образовывать пассивную конструкцию. Например, глагол
to arrive в значенииприезжатьне может иметь прямого дополнения, поэтому
используется только в действительном залоге: He arrived in London.
Сводная таблица видовременных форм глагола
в действительном и страдательном залогах
Tense Active Passive
Present Indefinite
ask(s)
am
is
are
asked
Past Indefinite
asked
was
were
asked
Future Indefinite
will ask will be asked
Present Continuous
am
is
are
asking
am
is being
are
asked
Past Continuous
was
were
asking
was
being
were
asked
Future Continuous
will be asking - -
Present Perfect
have
has
asked
have
been
has
asked
Past Perfect
had asked had been asked
Future Perfect
will have asked will have been asked
Present Perfect Continu-
ous
have
been
has
asking - -
Past Perfect Continuous
had been asking - -
Future Perfect Continu-
ous
will have
been
asking - -
Как видно из таблицы, в страдательном залоге не употребляются вре-
мена группы Perfect Continuous и время Future Continuous.
Примеры.
He asks questions. – Он задает вопросы. He is asked questions. – Ему
задают вопросы.
I gave them several new books. – Я дал им несколько новых книг. I was
given several new books. – Мне дали несколько новых книг.
They will show these documents tomorrow. – Завтра они покажут эти до-
кументы. They will be shown these documents tomorrow. – Завтра им покажут
эти документы.
I am helping them with this work. – Я помогаю им с этой работой (сейчас).
I am being helped with this work. – Мне помогают с этой работой (сейчас).
She was cleaning her house all day yesterday. – Вчера весь день она при-
биралась в доме. The house was being cleaned all day yesterday. – Вчера весь
                                      7


глаголы, (то есть те, которые могут иметь прямое дополнение): They ask ques-
tions. Questions are asked. Непереходные (не принимающие прямого дополне-
ния) глаголы не могут образовывать пассивную конструкцию. Например, глагол
to arrive в значении ‘приезжать’ не может иметь прямого дополнения, поэтому
используется только в действительном залоге: He arrived in London.
             Сводная таблица видовременных форм глагола
               в действительном и страдательном залогах
         Tense                  Active               Passive
                                                 am
    Present Indefinite                 ask(s)     is         asked
                                                 are
                                                 was
     Past Indefinite                   asked                 asked
                                                were
    Future Indefinite      will         ask    will be       asked

                              am                    am
   Present Continuous          is         asking    is     being       asked
                              are                   are

                              was                   was
     Past Continuous                      asking               being   asked
                             were                   were
    Future Continuous       will be       asking           -             -
                             have                   have
     Present Perfect                      asked                been    asked
                                has                   has
       Past Perfect             had        asked       had been       asked
      Future Perfect         will have     asked    will have been    asked
                            have
  Present Perfect Continu-
                                  been     asking          -             -
            ous
                            has
  Past Perfect Continuous    had been      asking          -             -
   Future Perfect Continu-   will have
                                           asking          -             -
            ous                 been
      Как видно из таблицы, в страдательном залоге не употребляются вре-
мена группы Perfect Continuous и время Future Continuous.
      Примеры.
      He asks questions. – Он задает вопросы. He is asked questions. – Ему
задают вопросы.
      I gave them several new books. – Я дал им несколько новых книг. I was
given several new books. – Мне дали несколько новых книг.
      They will show these documents tomorrow. – Завтра они покажут эти до-
кументы. They will be shown these documents tomorrow. – Завтра им покажут
эти документы.
      I am helping them with this work. – Я помогаю им с этой работой (сейчас).
I am being helped with this work. – Мне помогают с этой работой (сейчас).
      She was cleaning her house all day yesterday. – Вчера весь день она при-
биралась в доме. The house was being cleaned all day yesterday. – Вчера весь