Английский язык. Ч. 2. Гималетдинова Г.К - 8 стр.

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бой подходящей видовременной форме.
      Образец: doctor/just/to send for. – The doctor has just been sent for.
      1) he/to praise/his boss/work hard. 2) her mother/to operate on/tomorrow.
      the dress/to buy/most expensive shop. 3) her lectures/always/to listen to/with
great interest. 4) this room/never/to open/before. 5) the plan/to discuss/now.
6) the vase/to break/my little sister. 7) the furniture/to deliver/yesterday. 8) a lot of
friends/to invite/to the party. 9) the task/to carry out/by 3 o’clock yesterday.
10) the agreement/already/to sign. 11) five thousand cars/to produce/each
year/the plant. 12) this subject/to teach/for many years. 13) our prod-
uct/constantly/to improve. 14) this project/to finish/by the end of the term.
      Упражнение 5. Используя страдательный залог там, где возможно, пе-
рестройте предложение.
      1) Somebody will drive you to the railway station. 2) She informed me. 3) I
posted the letters. 4) They are painting the kitchen now. 5) He sold his car.
6) They will pay me much money. 7) The storm broke the billboard. 8) It is raining.
9) Somebody was playing a popular tune, when we entered. 10) You were waiting
for them. 11) A guide will show the tourists the sights of Moscow. 12) They have
offered my husband a very good job. 13) We walked 10 km. yesterday.
14) Somebody had unlocked the safe before I came. 15) The workers will have
wallpapered all the rooms by the end of this week.
      Упражнение 6. Составьте по 3-4 предложения в страдательном залоге
на каждую из следующих ситуаций.
      1) Students are taking an exam. 2) Describe your last visit to a doctor.
3) Describe how you will apply for a job.

                                     TЕКСТ Б
                             The Functions of Language
        Language is used for more than one purpose. The man who hits his thumb-nail
with a hammer and utters a string of curses is using language for an expressive pur-
pose: he is relieving his feelings, and needs no audience but himself. People can often
be heard playing with language: children especially like using language as if it were a
toy, repeating, distorting, inventing, punning, jingling, and there is a play element in the
use of language in some literature. But when philosophers use language to clarify their
ideas on a subject, they are using it as an instrument of thought. When two neighbours
gossip over the fence, or exchange conventional greetings as they pass one another
in the street, language is being used to strengthen the bonds of cohesion between the
members of a society. Language, it seems, is a multi-purpose instrument. One func-
tion, however, is basic: language enables us to influence one another’s behaviour, and
to influence it in great detail, and thereby makes human cooperation possible. Other
animals co-operate, for example, many primates, and social insects like bees and
ants, and use communication systems in the process. But human co-operation is more
detailed and more diversified than that found elsewhere in the animal kingdom, and no
non-human animal society has a division of labour or a system of production at all
comparable to those of human societies. This human co-operation would be unthink-
able without language, and it is obviously this function which has made language so
successful and so important; other functions can be looked on as by-products. A lan-
guage, of course, always belongs to a group of people, not an individual. The group
that uses any given language is called the speech community.