Конспект лекций по термодинамике. Коренблит С.Э. - 36 стр.

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                               |36|
          £¤¥: s = NS ; v = N
                            V = 1;
                                 n                               (3.37)
ᮮ⢥âá⢥­­®, 㤥«ì­ ï í­âய¨ï ¨ 㤥«ì­ë© ®¡ê¥¬. Ž­® ®âà ¦ ¥â â®â
ä ªâ, ®ç¥¢¨¤­ë© 㦥 ¨§ ¯¥à¢ëå à ¢¥­á⢠(3.32) ¨ (3.35), çâ® âਠ¨­â¥­-
ᨢ­ëå ¯ à ¬¥âà T; P;  ïîâáï § ¢¨á¨¬ë¬¨ ¢¥«¨ç¨­ ¬¨, ¯®â®¬ã
¨å ¤¨ää¥à¥­æ¨ «ë á¢ï§ ­ë «¨­¥©­ë¬ ᮮ⭮襭¨¥¬. \Ÿ¢­ ï" â¥à¬®¤¨-
­ ¬¨ç¥áª ï ä®à¬ã« ¤«ï ¢­ãâ७­¥© í­¥à£¨¨ ¢ë⥪ ¥â ¨§ ¯®¤áâ ­®¢ª¨
(3.32) ¢ (3.21), ¨, á ãç¥â®¬ (3.11), ¢â®¬ â¨ç¥áª¨ ¢®á¯à®¨§¢®¤¨âáï ⥮à¥-
¬®© ©«¥à ¤«ï ®¤­®à®¤­®© ä㭪樨 ¯¥à¢®£® ¯®à浪 (3.30), ¢ ¢¨¤¥:
                    @U !        @U  !          @U !
 U (S; V; N ) = S @S +V @V +N @N = ST V P +N: (3.38)
                        V;N          S;N            S;V
®áª®«ìªã ¨­â¥­á¨¢­ë¥ â¥à¬®¤¨­ ¬¨ç¥áª¨¥ ¯ à ¬¥âàë ¬®£ãâ § ¢¨á¥âì
⮫쪮 ®â ¨­â¥­á¨¢­ëå ¦¥ ª®¬¡¨­ 権 (®â­®è¥­¨©) ¤¤¨â¨¢­ëå ¢¥«¨-
稭, â®, ­ ¯à¨¬¥à â¥à¬¨ç¥áª®¥ ãà ¢­¥­¨¥ á®áâ®ï­¨ï (1.5) ¨¬¥¥â ¢¨¤
  P = P (T; n); ¨«¨: n = n(P; T ) =) n(; T ); â.ª.: P = P (T; ); (3.39)
{ ᮣ« á­® (3.35) ¨«¨ (3.32). Žâáî¤ , ¤«ï ¯«®â­®á⨠ç¨á« ç áâ¨æ n, ¨§
(3.34), (3.35), ¤«ï ᦨ¬ ¥¬®á⨠KT (3.24), { ¨§ (3.35) ¨ (3.37), ­ 室¨¬:
        N      @P  !             1   @V  !      1  @n   !       @v !
   n  V = @ ; KT  V @P = n @P =) @ ; (3.40)
                    T                     T;N             T         T
              !
           @n = @n @P = @P  !          !        !             !
                                             @n = n @n = n K : (3.41)
   â.ª.: @           @P @        @ @P                   @P       T
                                                                           2


                T                T           T        T              T
 ª®­¥æ, â®â ä ªâ, çâ® ¢á¥ ¢ëà ¦¥­¨ï (3.10), (3.15), (3.20), (3.22), (3.33), ¤«ï ¢á¥å ¢¢¥-
¤¥­­ëå ¢ëè¥ â¥à¬®¤¨­ ¬¨ç¥áª¨å ¯®â¥­æ¨ «®¢ ïîâáï ¯®«­ë¬¨ ¤¨ää¥à¥­æ¨ « ¬¨,
®¡®£ é ¥â ­ è ­ ¡®à ¯®«¥§­ëå ⮦¤¥á⢠¤«ï ᮮ⢥âáâ¢ãîé¨å á¬¥è ­­ëå ç áâ­ëå
¯à®¨§¢®¤­ëå ¢¨¤ (2.9) ¨«¨ ¤«ï 类¡¨ ­®¢ ¢¨¤ (2.10), á ãç¥â®¬ ¤®¯®«­¨â¥«ì­®© âà¥-
â쥩, ¯®«­®áâìî 䨪á¨à®¢®­­®© ¯¥à¥¬¥­­®©:
                            "           # "           #
                              @ (T; S ) = @ (T; S ) = 1;                            (3.42)
                              @ (P; V ) N @ (P; V ) 
                            "           # "           #
                              @ (T; S ) = @ (T; S ) = 1;                            (3.43)
                              @ (; N ) V @ (; N ) P
                            "           # "           #
                              @ (P; V ) = @ (P; V ) = 1:                            (3.44)
                              @ (; N ) S   @ (; N ) T

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