Основы теории английского языка. Листунова Е.И. - 88 стр.

       6. When connected with a verb in the function of an adverbial
modifier the partici ple expresses relations:
       a) Of time:
       Coming near, I found the door slightly ajar... (Bronte). Reaching
her room, she turned on all the lights (Galsworthy). Being asked to
sit down he laid his hat and stick on the table... (Conrad). At last,
having seen all that was to be seen, he came out again at the door
where he had gone in... (Galsworthy).
       b) Of cause:
       Finding him so very friendly and companionable, it was then
that I asked for the pen and ink and paper, to write to Peggotty
(Dickens). ...I thought I should sleep well being tired; but I didn’t
(Jerome). Seeing clearly that it would be useless to pursue their point,
the gentlemen withdrew (Dickens).
       c) Of manner or attending circumstances:
       He stood on the porch sunning himself... (Mazo de la Roche).
Still they worked on, taking turns and whispering cheerfully to one
another (Dodge). Little bare-legged children ran about him, playing
on the grass... (London). I brought the boat gently along the bank
di pping my blades noiselessly (Cronin).
       Partici ple phrases expressing time or cause may be replaced by
an adverbial clause:
       Arriving at the cottage he went up its mossy stones and through
the wicket-gate (Galsworthy) (= when he arrived at the cottage...).
       Partici ple phrases expressing manner cannot be replaced by
subordinate clauses.
       The action expressed by apartici ple in the function of an adver-
bial modifier always refers to the subject of the sentence (cp. with the
Russian — äååïðè÷àñòèå).
       7. Adverbial partici ple phrases may be introduced by subordina-
tive conjunctions. In such partici ple phrases not only partici ple I but
also partici ple II may be used.
       Partici ple phrases introduced by conjunctions express:
       a) Time:
       ...While working so hard he needed sea air... (Galsworthy). When
travelling I have now and then watched the sunrise... (Gissing). When
dressed, I sat a long time by the window, looking out over the silent
grounds and silvered fields... (Bronte).


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