Элементы вариационного исчисления. Молчанова Л.А. - 14 стр.

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y(x)
z(x)
Primer 2
–0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
–2
–1 1
2
x
J[y, z]=
Z
2
1
(y
002
2y
02
+4yy
0
+y
2
2y sin x)dx;
y(1)=1; y
0
(1)= 1; y(1)=2; y
0
(1)= 1.
F := y2
2
2y1
2
+ 4y y1 + y
2
dfrac2ysin(x)
dF y := 4y1 + 2y
2
sin(x)
dF y := 4(
d
dx
y(x)) + 2y(x)
2
sin(x)
dF y1 := 4y1 + 4y
dF y1 := 4(
d
dx
y(x)) + 4y(x)
d3 := 4(
d
2
dx
2
y(x)) + 4(
d
dx
y(x))
dF y2 := 2y2
dF y2 := 2(
d
2
dx
2
y(x))
                                         Primer 2
                                           2
                                         1.5
                                           1
                                         0.5

                   –2             –1       0          1        2
                                        –0.5          x



                                               y(x)
                                               z(x)




               Ðèñ. 2. Ãðàôèêè ýêñòðåìàëåé ïðèìåðà 2
  Ïðèìåð 3. Íàéòè ýêñòðåìàëü ôóíêöèîíàëà
                        Z   2
             J[y, z]=           (y 002 − 2y 02 +4yy 0 +y 2 −2y sin x)dx;
                        −1

               y(−1)=1; y 0 (−1)= − 1; y(1)=2; y 0 (1)= − 1.
Ïîñòðîèòü ãðàôèê.
   Ðåøåíèå. Íà÷àëî ñåàíñà
>restart:
îïðåäåëåíèå ïîäèíòåãðàëüíîé ôóíêöèè
>F:=y2^2-2*y1^2+4*y*y1+y^2-2*y/sin(x);
              F := y22 − 2y12 + 4y y1 + y 2 − df rac2ysin(x)
âû÷èñëåíèå ÷àñòíûõ ïðîèçâîäíûõ
> dFy:=diff(F,y);
                                                  2
                        dF y := 4y1 + 2y − sin(x)
>dFy:=subs(y=y(x),y1=diff(y(x),x),y2=diff(y(x),x$2),dFy);
                               d                      2
                   dF y := 4( dx y(x)) + 2y(x) − sin(x)
>dFy1:=diff(F,y1);
                           dF y1 := −4y1 + 4y
>dFy1:=subs(y=y(x),y1=diff(y(x),x),y2=diff(y(x),x$2),dFy1);
                                      d
                      dF y1 := −4( dx   y(x)) + 4y(x)
>d3:=diff(dFy1,x);
                                 d2              d
                     d3 := −4( dx  2 y(x)) + 4( dx y(x))

>dFy2:=diff(F,y2);
                               dF y2 := 2y2
>dFy2:=subs(y=y(x),y1=diff(y(x),x),y2=diff(y(x),x$2),dFy2);
                                         d2
                          dF y2 := 2( dx   2 y(x))




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