Краткий курс лекций по лексикологии английского языка для студентов неязыковых вузов. Москалёва Е.В. - 28 стр.

                 The phonetic characteristics of native words:
                     1) Short, monosyllabic.
                     2) The oppositions between long and short sounds.
                     3) The final voiced consonants are never devoiced.
                  The spelling characteristics:
                     1) graphical ch, th
                     2) native words are very good building material for
            derivatives and phrases: hand-handful, handy. To live from hand
            to mouth.

                  II. Borrowing words from other languages is
            characteristic of English throughout its history. More than two
            thirds of the English vocabulary are borrowings. Mostly they are
            words of Romanic origin (Latin, French, Italian, Spanish).
            Borrowed words are different from native ones by their phonetic
            structure, by the phonological structure and also by their
            grammatical forms. It is also characteristic of borrowings to be
            non-motivated semantically
                  English history is very rich in different types of contacts
            with other countries, that is why it is very rich in borrowings. The
            Roman invasion, the adoption of Christianity, Scandinavian and
            Norman conquests of the British Isles, the development of British
            colonialism and trade and cultural relations served to increase
            immensely the English vocabulary. The majority of these
            borrowings are fully assimilated in English in their pronunciation,
            grammar, spelling and can be hardly distinguished from native
            words.
                  English continues to take in foreign words, but now the
            quantity of borrowings is not so abundant as it was before. All the
            more so, English now has become a “giving” language, it has
            become Lingua franca of the twentieth century.

                  III. Borrowings can be classified according to different
            criteria:
                        a) according to the aspect which is borrowed;
                        b) according to the degree of assimilation;

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