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During the Great Patriotic War the city suffered a great deal. The German armies laid siege to it in 1941, and for the next year and a half it was
cut off from the rest of the country. No food could be brought in, and people died of starvation. Daily shelling and air raids destroyed parts of the
city, thousands of people were killed. Rebuilding took years.
Now St Petersburg is an important industrial, cultural and educational centre. The population of the city is over 5 million.
St. Petersburg is indeed the most wonderful city. The Winter Palace, the Hermitage, the Russian Museum, St. Isaac’s Cathedral, the Peter-and-
Paul Fortress, the Admiralty building attract thousands of tourists from every corner of the world. In the center of the city there is a monument to
Peter the Great – a horseman on the risen horse.
Petersburg’s many museums house some of the world’s famous art collections. The Hermitage, for example, contains the richest collection of
pictures in the world. The city is called Northern Venice because there are 65 rivers and canals there with artistically decorated bridges. It is also
famous for its beautiful white nights.
TAMBOV
In a modern Tambov there is a particular combination of ancient and the most modern buildings, busy streets and green banks of Tsna river,
briches and pines, cranes.
The town is 360 years old. On April, 17 in 1636 according to the Tsar decree on the bank of the Tsna river in the place of Tsna and Studenets
rivers interflowing a fortress was built to depend the Moscow State from raids of nomads. It was a defensive building.
100 years later 630 people lived in Tambov (now they are about 500 thousand). The town has got its State national Emblem – one of the most
beautiful ones in Russia: on the black-ground of an azure field a golden hive and bees were pictured as a symbol of diligence and reflection of the
basic occupation of the population – wild-hive beekeeping.
Little by little the town lost its defensive meaning and became a commercial town. For a long time the town was developing slowly. In 1786
Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin, a famous Russian poet became a governor in Tambov. He has left a tremendous trace in the development of the
province center. It was in those days when streets were being paved, a dam was built, theatres, national school and a painting house were opened, the
first provincial newspaper in Russia started to publish.
The names of many outstanding statesmen of Russian history, science, art are connected with Tambov. Sherood V.O., a sculptor and a painter,
an architect V.A. Schyoko, an academician A.N. Kholmogorov, a famous scientist A.M Terpigorev, a poet V.N. Afanasyev were born here. Writers
A.P. Platonov and A.N. Voronsky lived and worked here, S.N. Sergeev-Tsensky spent his childhood in Tambov. There is a monument to the famous
writer on the bank of the river now. One of the streets has been given his name.
Now Tambov is a large industrial town. It is one of the chemical machine-building center. Tambov is a scientists and students town with rich
musical traditions. The first piano was brought here by Gavriil Romanovich Derzhavin, a monument to whom was set up on one of the central
streets. The music school (Musical Institute now) named after S.V. Rakhmaninov has been existing more than 100 years in Tambov.
Tambov is a town of booklovers. Only the regional scientific library named after Pushkin which got a new building in 1980 has got one and a
half million books and magazines. The new building of the library is situated in Internatsionalnaya Street (former Dvoryanskaya).
More than 30 hospitals were in the town during the Great Patriotic war. Thousands of Tambov people went to the front to defend freedom and
independence of their Motherland and have not returned. In honour of them the Eternal Fire has been set on the October square. A particular monu-
ment – «Tambov Peasant» tank has been set on the high pedestal in the square. A whole tank column was built in the years of war thanks to the
means of the common toilers. One more monument to the Comsomol, a brave patriot Zoya Kosmodemyanskaya has been placed in the same street.
Chicherin G.V., the first people’s commissar of Foreign Affairs of Soviet Russia spent his childhood in Tambov. There is a museum now in the
house where he lived.
The most favourite rest places for the citizens are the Park of Culture and Rest, the Park of Friendship.
There is a splendid Museum of Regional ethnography, a Planetarium, a museum of History of Medicine, a wonderful Art Gallery where there
are more than two thousand exhibits. Original works by D.G. Levitsky, V.L. Serov, I.K. Aivazovsky, V.D. Tropinin and many other skilled artists
are kept at the Gallery.
You can see a snow-white palace on the picturesque bank of the river Tsna (at the beginning of the XX-th century it belonged to a merchant
Aseev, but now a cardiological sanatorium is situated there), and a park, where the 300-years old oak grows.
There are many other sights in Tambov.
Tambov grows, develops and becomes better every year.
3. РУССКОЕ НАРОДНОЕ ТВОРЧЕСТВО
ПЕСНИ
Ой, мороз
Слова Марии Морозовой (род. в 1923 г.),
музыка Александра Уварова (1924 – 2003)
Ой, мороз, мороз, не морозь меня,
Не морозь меня, моего коня.
Моего коня белогривого,
У меня жена – ой, ревнивая!
У меня жена – ох, красавица,
Ждёт меня она, ждёт – печалится.
Я вернусь домой на исходе дня
Обниму жену, напою коня.
Ой, мороз, мороз, не морозь меня,
Не морозь меня, моего коня.
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