Английский язык. Методические указания. Никитина С.Я - 15 стр.

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Ex. III. Copy the following terms and memorize their meanings:
1) hardware - аппаратное (схемное)
обеспечение компьютера
2) software - программное
обеспечение компьютера
3) peripheral - периферийное
(внешнее) устройство компьютера
4)) keyboard - клавиатура
5) to feed - подавать, питать
6) core store - запоминающее
устройство (ЗУ) на магнитных
сердечниках
7) drum store - ЗУ на магнитном
барабане
8) cell - ячейка
9) pattern - шаблон, комбинация
символов
10) pulse - импульс
11) binary - двоичный
12) flow chart (flowchart) - блок-
схема
13) ROM - постоянное ЗУ
14) RAM - оперативное ЗУ.
Ex. IV. Arrange the words given below in pairs of synonyms:
advance; early; to put into service; to define; inexpensive; to store; to display;
to perform; to operate; arrangement; main; improvement; to hold; basic; to affect;
to introduce; initial; to show; to influence; cheap; architecture; to determine
Fill in the gaps choosing one of the synonyms. Translate the sentences from
English into Russian.
1. I bought these books ... at the sale. 2. The first hotels were ... but very uncomfortable.
3. This computer can ... calculations at a very high speed. 4. After it had been repaired, the
machine ... normally again. 5. He was an expert in ancient Greece .... 6. What are the ...
principles of this PC operation? 7. The box isn’t big enough to ... all the potatoes.
8. Magnetic disks are used to ... software. 9. Could you ... your task more clearly? 10. The
... cost of that railway project was greatly increased. 11. First electronic digital computers
... in the 1930s. 12. Can you see the numbers ... on the screen? 13. Smoking ... health.
14. Progress in many industries has been made possible thanks to technological ... .
TEXT 3A
COMPUTER SYSTEMS
A modern computer comprises two basic parts - the hardware and the software. The
hardware comprises the computer and all its peripherals. This includes the monitor,
keyboard, mouse, printer, etc. The software are the ‘instructions’ to control the functions
of the computer. Software is generally stored on magnetic disks, CDs or tapes. Software
can be subdivided into ‘control’ or ‘operating system’ software. In small modern PCs, the
operating system may be ‘DOS’ (Disk Operating System) or ‘Windows’. Software is not
inexpensive.
All digital computers operate by adding, subtracting, multiplying and dividing numbers
at incredibly high speeds. The architecture or arrangement of a basic computer consists of
an input device to feed in the data, a device to hold temporary results until they are
required (an accumulator), an arithmetic and logic unit to perform calculations, a memory

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