Английский язык: Сборник текстов и упражнений для студентов специальности "Эксплуатация судовых энергетических установок". Писарева Л.П. - 37 стр.

      Ш. Give synonyms to.
      Rotate, inspect; spray; apply; differ, write; measuring device; supply; search; connections; tube.

     IV. Speak on.
     1. The daily inspection and
     2. Each hour inspection.



                                             Lesson 14
                                            Maintenance

       The condition of the cylinder bore is one of the main factors affecting the operation of a
high speed oil engine. When excessive lubricating oil consumption or excessive blow- by is
observed the cylinder heads should be removed and the cylinder bores checked for wear. This
requires accurate measurements by means of a dial indicator gauge, since the wear is in any
case only in thousandths of an inch.
       When the wear has reached the allowable maximum, the cylinder must be rebored and
resurfaced or have a new liner fitted depending on the design. In this connection, maker's in-
structions should be followed strictly, and great care must be taken, particularly in case of re-
boring, to ensure that the alignment of the engine is maintained.
       Some engines particularly highly- rated engines, or engines using unsuitable lubricating
oils, may have a tendency to form lacquer deposits on the bores. These lacquer deposits are in
nature of a hard varnish, dark brown or black. They prevent the efficient sealing of the cylinder
and by causing blow- by lead to excessive wear and increase friction. Any such deposits no-
ticed when the cylinder head is off, should be carefully cleaned away, taking care not to dam-
age the surface of the cylinder bore. On two- stroke engines sludge and carbon deposits may
tend, after a period, to foul the ports. Access doors for cleaning, are usually provided, and the
ports should be cleaned out to maker's instructions at periods varying from 300 to 1,000 hours
according to the design and duty. Periodic examination, particularly at major overhauls, should
be made for water leakage. If water leaks into the lubricating oil, there is a serious risk of inter-
nal rusting and corrosion with excessive bearing wear and possibly even seizure. Any water
leaks should be cured as soon as noticed.


                                             Key Words

      affect                                   влиять
      excessive                                избыточный, чрезмерный
      blow- by                                 прорыв газов
      remove                                   снять, удалить
      check                                    проверить
      measure                                  измерять
      wear                                     износ
      inch                                     дюйм
      alignment                                выравнивание, центровка
      great care must be taken                 нужно быть очень внимательным,
                                               следует соблюдать осторожность
      unsuitable                               неподходящий
      acquer                                   лакообразный нагар
      deposits                                 отложения
      varnish                                  лак, олифа
      sealing                                  герметизация, уплотнение
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