Учебно-методическое пособие по развитию навыков профессионального общения. В двух частях. Ч.1: Management. Руденко Т.П - 12 стр.

      TEXT 4                                                                         Management skills are the talents necessary for effective per-
                                                                              formance. All managers need a number of specific skills if they are to
      READING
                                                                              succeed. For example, CEOs must be skillful not only in allocating
      There are different types of management depending on the field          resources and funds to different units of the company, or in delegating
of operation. Read about one of them and do the task following the            responsibilities to their subordinates. CEOs must be skilful at allocating
text.                                                                         their time. CEOs are likely to spend 59 % of their time in scheduled
                                                                              meetings, 22 % doing “desk work”. 10 % in unscheduled meetings, 6 %
               Human Resource Management                                      on the telephone, and the remaining 3 % on tours of the company facili-
                                                                              ties. These proportions are different for managers at lower levels.
        All managers are periodically involved in some human resource                Finding a competent manager who understands technology is as
functions. In small organizations, most personnel functions are per-          hard as finding a technologist who can manage. Yet, universities to this
formed by the owner or operating managers. Large organizations usu-           day frown on mixing science and commercial education, and the com-
ally have a personnel department (or a human resource department)             mercially oriented scientist is still looked down. Companies often have
which is responsible for organizing and coordinating hiring and train-        to conduct in-service training program(me)s to deal with the problem,
ing, maintaining personnel records, acting as a link between manage-          training technical experts in commerce and commercial people in tech-
ment, labo(u)r, and government.                                               nology.
        Precisely how all the functions related to human resources are               Basic management skills, especially in such key areas as market-
split between operating managers and the personnel department varies          ing and finance are extremely important in high-tech ventures. Usually,
from organization to organization. For example, the personnel depart-         young, brainy, single-minded and often arrogant high-tech entrepre-
ment in one company may do all of the hiring below a certain level. In        neurs rarely possess such skills. The problem is that high technology
another company, all the hiring decisions may be made by operating            requires that management (should) be maintained at above-average
managers, with the personnel department acting only in an advisory            level. The high-tech manager must understand the technology but also
capacity.                                                                     be capable of getting close to the market and customers.
        Important changes have occurred and are still occurring in the
composition of the work force. For example, the percentage of white-                  Say if the statements are true or false:
collar jobs and the percentage of females in the work force have both                Significant changes have taken place in the structure of the work
increased significantly over the past several decades. The increasing         force in the USA because
role of women in the work force of the USA has had an impact on hu-                  ... a) many women and other white-collar workers got employ-
man resource managers in numerous ways: child care, spouse relocation         ment.
assistance programs, and pregnancy leave programs have resulted from                 ... b) human resource managers began to hire women for white-
this trend.                                                                   collar jobs.
        The aging of the work force is another factor that is having a sig-          ... c) many competent managers who understand technology now
nificant impact on human resource management. For example, in 1982            better utilize older employees.
the median age in the United States was 31 years, 20 % of the popula-
tion was 55 or older, and 11 % of the population was 65 or older. By the
year 2010, 25 % of the population will be 55 or older, 12.5 % will be 65
or older, and the median age will be 37. Human resource managers are
having to come up with the ways of better utilizing older employees.

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