Аналитическая геометрия. Часть III. Многомерные пространства. Гиперповерхности второго порядка. Шурыгин В.В. - 4 стр.

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m m
m = 0, 1, . . . , n 0 A
n
0
1 (n 1)
n
A
n
m
L
m
V
n
m π = {M
0
, L
m
}
L
m
= L{a
1
, . . . , a
m
} {a
1
, . . . , a
m
} L
m
r
M A
n
r
0
M
0
M {M
0
, L
m
}
M
0
M = t
α
a
α
α = 1, . . . , m r r
0
= t
α
a
α
r = r
0
+ t
α
a
α
.
A
n
{O, e
i
} i = 1, . . . , n
x
i
= x
i
0
+ t
α
a
i
α
,
a
α
= a
i
α
e
i
x
1
x
2
x
n
=
x
1
0
x
2
0
x
n
0
+ t
1
a
1
1
a
2
1
a
n
1
+ . . . + t
m
a
1
m
a
2
m
a
n
m
. (3
0
)
` A
n
r = r
0
+ ta x
i
= x
i
0
+ ta
i
.
a `
M m π
r
M
r
M
= r
0
+ t
α
M
a
α
{t
α
M
}
M π {M
0
, a
α
}
{t
α
M
} M
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)*,08 m = 0, 1, . . . , n < ’30 ¨7-: 0 .6-/1-/7> B A •0 :*3,-* 5„„0,,-*
.-D.3-/735,/7B-‹F ¨7- 7-)15 1 .6-/1-/7> ,5EAB5*7/8 eftdgu (n − 1)
                                                           n


.6-/1-/7> ,5EAB5*7/8 xaemfeoghvghi‚{ n .6-/1-/7> /-B.5D5*7 /- B/*: .3-
/735,/7B-: An <
   ¬W—˜—­ ¤œZœ\]® m¯W[—˜™—˜šY° ^ E5B0/0:-/70 -7 7-9-  151 E5D5,- .-D
.3-/735,/7B- Lm ⊂ Vn  .-62)5*: /6*D2‡ˆ0* DB5 -/,-B,AC /.-/-+5 E5D5
,08 m .6-/1-/70 π = {M0, Lm} ~
   –^ ’2/7> L = L{a , . . . , a }  9D* {a , . . . , a } F +5E0/ B L  r F 35D02/
B*17-3 7-)10 M ∈ An  r0 F 35D02/ B*17-3 7-)10 M0 < -9D5 M ∈ {M0, Lm}
              m         1       m          1          m             m

      −−−→
⇐⇒ M0 M = tα aα  α = 1, . . . , m  ⇐⇒ r − r0 = tα aα ⇐⇒

                                  r = r0 + tα aα .                             •G‹
   ’2/7> B .3-/735,/7B* An E5D5,5 5„„0,,58 /0/7*:5 1--3D0,57 -.3*
D*68*:58 3*.*3-: {O, ei}  i = 1, . . . , n < -9D5 235B,*,0* •G‹ ¨1B0B56*,7,-
/0/7*:* 235B,*,0”
                                 xi = xi0 + tα aiα ,                           •±‹
9D* aα = aiαei  1-7-358 B :5730),-” E5.0/0 0:**7 B0D
                                                 
              x1      x10        a11                a1m
             2   2          2                2 
             x   x0                              
             <  =  <  + t1  <  + . . . + tm  am
                                 a
                                                   <<  .
                                   1                    
             <   <          <                                           (30 )
                                                 
                n      n          n                  n
              x       x0         a1                 am
    35B,*,08 •G‹ 0 •±‹ ,5EAB5‡7/8 ejfjdmifasmhvada }fjkbmbatda<
     )5/7,-/70  .38:58 ` .3-/735,/7B5 A E5D5*7/8 235B,*,08:0
                                        n

                       r = r0 + ta ⇐⇒ xi = xi0 + tai .                         •²‹
 *17-3 a ,5EAB5*7/8 ,5.35B68‡ˆ0: B*17-3-: .38:-” ` <
   ªœY«œ\]Y^ /60 7-)15 M .30,5D6*“07 m .6-/1-/70 π  0:*‡ˆ*” .5
35:*730)*/1-* 235B,*,0* •G‹ 7- ** 35D02/ B*17-3 rM 2D-B6*7B-38*7 /--7
,-‰*,0‡ rM = r0 + tαM aα < ’30 ¨7-: )0/65 {tαM } 8B68‡7/8 1--3D0,575:0
7-)10 M B 5„„0,,-: .3-/735,/7B* π -7,-/07*6>,- 3*.*35 {M0, aα} < ³70
1--3D0,57A {tαM } ,5EAB5‡7/8 kb}ifmbbada 1--3D0,575:0 7-)10 M <
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