Practise reading modern press. Станкова Т.Ю. - 30 стр.

    Êàæäûé ÷ëåí ïðåäëîæåíèÿ: ïîäëåæàùåå, ñêàçóåìîå, äî-
ïîëíåíèå, îïðåäåëåíèå, îáñòîÿòåëüñòâî — ìîæåò áûòü âûðà-
æåí ïðè ïîìîùè îäíîðîäíûõ ÷ëåíîâ.
      § 3. Ñëîæíîå ïðåäëîæåíèå — ýòî ïðåäëîæåíèå, ñîñòîÿùåå
èç äâóõ èëè íåñêîëüêèõ ïðîñòûõ ïðåäëîæåíèé. Åñëè âñå ïðåä-
ëîæåíèÿ ñèíòàêñè÷åñêè ðàâíîïðàâíûå, îíè îáðàçóþò ñëîæíî-
ñî÷èíåííîå ïðåäëîæåíèå. Ñð.: The door opened and two men came
in. Åñëè ïðåäëîæåíèå ñîñòîèò èç ãëàâíîãî è ïðèäàòî÷íîãî ïðåä-
ëîæåíèé (è ïðèäàòî÷íîå çàâèñèò îò ãëàâíîãî è ïðèñîåäèíÿåò-
ñÿ ê íåìó ïðèäàòî÷íûìè ñîþçàìè), òî òàêîå ïðåäëîæåíèå íà-
çûâàåòñÿ ñëîæíîïîä÷èíåííûì. Ñð.: Pooh was very proud when he
heard this.
       ñëîæíîïîä÷èíåííîì ïðåäëîæåíèè ïðèäàòî÷íîå ïðåäëî-
æåíèå ìîæåò çàíèìàòü ïîçèöèþ íåïîñðåäñòâåííî çà ïîäëåæà-
ùèì, «ðàçðûâàÿ» ãëàâíîå ïðåäëîæåíèå íà äâå ÷àñòè è îòäåëÿÿ
ñêàçóåìîå îò ïîäëåæàùåãî. Ñð.: The girl who is sitting in the garden
is my sister. Â äàííîì ïðåäëîæåíèè ïîäëåæàùåå — the girl, ñêàçó-
åìîå — is, à who is sitting in the garden ÿâëÿåòñÿ ïðèäàòî÷íûì
ïðåäëîæåíèåì è îòíîñèòñÿ ê ïîäëåæàùåìó the girl. Òàêèì îáðà-
çîì, ãëàâíûì ïðåäëîæåíèåì ÿâëÿåòñÿ The girl is my sister, à ïðè-
äàòî÷íûì — who is sitting in the garden. Äàííîå ñëîæíîïîä÷èíåí-
íîå ïðåäëîæåíèå, ñëåäîâàòåëüíî, ïåðåâîäèòñÿ ñëåäóþùèì îá-
ðàçîì: Äåâóøêà, êîòîðàÿ ñèäèò â ñàäó, ìîÿ ñåñòðà.
     § 4.  àíãëèéñêîì ñëîæíîïîä÷èíåííîì ïðåäëîæåíèè ìî-
æåò îòñóòñòâîâàòü ñîþç (that, which, who), êîòîðûé ñâÿçûâàåò ãëàâ-
íîå è ïðèäàòî÷íîå ïðåäëîæåíèå. Ñð.: He has just signed the
document you are looking for. Äàííîå áåññîþçíîå ïðåäëîæåíèå
ìîæíî ñäåëàòü ñîþçíûì. Ñð.: He has just signed the document that
you are looking for.
     Äëÿ òîãî, ÷òîáû ïðàâèëüíî ïåðåâåñòè ñëîæíîå áåññîþç-
íîå ïðåäëîæåíèå, íåîáõîäèìî â êàæäîì èç ñîñòàâëÿþùèõ åãî
ïðåäëîæåíèé íàéòè ïîäëåæàùåå è ñêàçóåìîå, ò. å. âûäåëèòü ñî-
ñòàâëÿþùèå ñëîæíîïîä÷èíåííîå ïðåäëîæåíèå ïðîñòûå ïðåä-
ëîæåíèÿ. Â ãëàâíîì ïðåäëîæåíèè ïîäëåæàùåå — he, à ñêàçóå-
ìîå — has signed; â ïðèäàòî÷íîì ïðåäëîæåíèè ïîäëåæàùåå —
you, à ñêàçóåìîå — are looking for. Ó÷èòûâàÿ âûøåèçëîæåííîå,
ìîæíî ïåðåâåñòè ïðåäëîæåíèå ñëåäóþùèì îáðàçîì: Îí òîëüêî
÷òî ïîäïèñàë äîêóìåíò, êîòîðûé òû èùåøü.

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