Английский язык. Зайцева И.А. - 21 стр.

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job is the high salary and possibility of foreign travel. 9. When engine parts become jammed, mechanics know
exactly what to do to release them. 10. You will need a wrench to release the bolts when you change a tire on
your car.
Ex. 4. The words given below have one and the same root, but their meanings are different. Copy
and memorize them: a cause – причина; to cause – послужить причиной, поводом; because – потому
что; because of – из-за.
Insert the right word in the following sentences:
1. The floods were … by heavy rain. 2. The ruin of the empire was … by the loss of freedom and the
growth of despotism. 3. Police are trying to find the … of the fire. 4. She left the party … she felt ill.
5. Smoking … cancer. 6. He did badly in his exams … problems at home. 7. I wonder what … her to leave so
early. 8. What are the … of this illness? 9. I don’t want to … you any trouble. 10. Heavy traffic is … long
delays on the roads. 11. After long investigation into the accident, faulty warning lights were found to be the …
12. She’s in bad mood … her father won’t let her go to the party tonight. 13. The house isn’t really suitable for
an old person …. all those stairs.
Ex. 5. The words to like, like, likewise and the phrase would like to have the same root but their
meanings are different. Copy and memorize them: to like – любить, нравиться; like – подобный,
аналогичный; likewise – так же; would like to – хотелось бы.
Translate the following sentences:
1. If you like classical music then you must listen to my Mozart collection. 2. She’s always wanted to be
a teacher because she likes children so much. 3. The houses here are like the ones in northern France. 4. A hare
is something like a rabbit, but larger and stronger. 5. Like father like son, like master like man. (a proverb) 6. At
school, jeans were not allowed. Likewise long and untidy hair. 7. I would really like to get some sleep. 8. What
would you like for dinner?
Ex. 6. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the words: the latter meaning “the
second of two things or people being compared with each other” and the former meaning “the first of two
people or things that you have just mentioned”:
1. We interviewed one inexperienced candidate and an experienced one, and then chose the latter. 2. Of
these two evils the former is the less. 3. Robert is studying physics and maths and hopes to specialize in the
latter. 4. Of the two singers Williams and Barlow, the former is more popular. 5. There were two candidates for
the presidency, Lyndon B. Johnson and Senator Barry Goldwater. The latter was known to hold extreme right-
wing views.
Ex. 7. Translate the following sentences paying attention to Past Participles:
1. When energized the relay interrupts a flow of current. 2. When reconstructed the theatre looked more
beautiful. 3. When burnt coal produces heat. 4. When used for setting the route the button must indicate which
route is clear. 5. If distilled water will become quite tasteless. 6. If given a chance she will become a brilliant
actress. 7. Though designed for beginners this textbook may be used for intermediate students as well. 8. When
asked about the accident, the girl began to cry. 9. Though surprised by his arrival, Miss Marple did not show it.
10. He suddenly stopped as if struck by the news.
Ex. 8. Translate the following sentences paying attention to the preposition + -ing phrases:
1. I wonder at your overcoming these difficulties so easily. 2. The rule against visitors entering the lab at
the time of the experiment is strict. 3. They started working without another word being spoken on either side.
4. The film serves to demonstrate a new approach in using the computer. 5. Scientists invented another
interesting device for testing materials at high temperatures. 6. Each train automatically identifies itself by
generating a unique frequency. 7. These installations are being used in connection with the moving of freight
cars. 8. It was necessary for railroads to introduce an interlocking system to prevent two trains from receiving
a processed signal at the same time. 9. Before crossing the road, stop and look both ways. 10. There is no need
for us to tell you about the importance of installing the signal appliances at railroads.

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