Введение в математический анализ в вопросах и задачах. Анчиков А.М - 59 стр.

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lim
x2
x
2
+ x 6
x
2
3x + 2
.
x 2
x
0
= 2
x = 2 : x
2
+ x 6 = (x 2)(x + 3),
x
2
3x + 2 = (x 2)(x 1).
lim
x2
x
2
+ x 6
x
2
3x + 2
= lim
x2
(x 2)(x + 3)
(x 2)(x 1)
= lim
x2
(x + 3)
(x 1)
= 5.
lim
x→−∞
(
x
2
+ 4x + 5 + x)
x < 0,
x
2
+ 4x + 5 + x =
4x + 5
x
2
+ 4x + 5 x
=
4 + 5/x
q
1 + 4/x + 5/x
2
1
,
lim
x→−∞
(
x
2
+ 4x + 5 + x) = 2.
lim
x→∞
ln(x
2
x + 1)
ln(x
10
+ x + 1)
x,
lim
x→∞
ln(x
2
x + 1)
ln(x
10
+ x + 1)
= lim
x→∞
2 ln x + ln(1 1/x + 1/x
2
)
10 ln x + ln(1 + 1/x + 1/x
10
)
=
1
5
.
lim
xπ+0
1 + cos x · tg
x
2
0 · .
    Â. Ïðèìåðû ðåøåíèÿ çàäà÷.
                                  x2 + x − 6
    Ïðèìåð 44. Âû÷èñëèòü: lim                 .
                              x→2 x2 − 3x + 2

   Ðåøåíèå. Ïðè x → 2 ÷èñëèòåëü è çíàìåíàòåëü ñòðåìÿòñÿ
ê íóëþ, òî åñòü x0 = 2 ÿâëÿåòñÿ êîðíåì ÷èñëèòåëÿ è çíàìåíà-
òåëÿ.  îêðåñòíîñòè òî÷êè x = 2 : x2 + x − 6 = (x − 2)(x + 3),
x2 − 3x + 2 = (x − 2)(x − 1). Ïîýòîìó

        x2 + x − 6       (x − 2)(x + 3)       (x + 3)
      lim2
                   = lim                = lim         = 5.
    x→2 x − 3x + 2   x→2 (x − 2)(x − 1)   x→2 (x − 1)

                                   √
   Ïðèìåð 45. Âû÷èñëèòü x→−∞ lim ( x2 + 4x + 5 + x) (íåîïðå-
äåë¼ííîñòü òèïà ∞ − ∞ ).
    Ðåøåíèå. Åñëè x < 0, òî
√                            4x + 5               4 + 5/x
    x2 + 4x + 5 + x = √                   =  q                   ,
                          x2 + 4x + 5 − x   − 1 + 4/x + 5/x2 − 1
                      √
ñëåäîâàòåëüíî    lim ( x2 + 4x + 5 + x) = −2.
                x→−∞

                              ln(x2 − x + 1)
   Ïðèìåð 46. Âû÷èñëèòü x→∞
                         lim                 (íåîïðåäåë¼í-
                             ln(x10 + x + 1)
           ∞
íîñòü òèïà ∞ ).
    Ðåøåíèå. Âûíîñÿ çà ñêîáêè â ÷èñëèòåëå è çíàìåíàòåëå ñòàð-
øèå ñòåïåíè x, íàõîäèì:
       ln(x2 − x + 1)        2 ln x + ln(1 − 1/x + 1/x2 )   1
    lim               =  lim                               = .
  x→∞ ln(x10 + x + 1)   x→∞ 10 ln x + ln(1 + 1/x + 1/x10 )  5
                                     √
   Ïðèìåð 47. Âû÷èñëèòü lim 1 + cos x · tg x2 (íåîïðåäå-
                                 x→π+0
ë¼ííîñòü òèïà 0 · ∞. )


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