Theoretical English Grammar. Part 1. Morphology. Бочарова М.В. - 20 стр.

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Forms: the
opposition of
The Perfect form,
marked analytically
The Non-Perfect form,
unmarked:
– pure tense forms (Simple) &
– tense-aspect forms (Continuous)
Meaning Priority to a reference point Simultaneity with the time indi-
cated in the verb form
Type of oppo-
sition
Binary, partly equipollent, partly privative
o Although THE VERBAL CATEGORIES OF TENSE, ASPECT AND
CORRELATION express 3 different characteristics of the verbal action, they
should be discussed together as they ARE EXPRESSED IN THE SAME
SYSTEM OF FORMS (= each verb form is either past or present or future, con-
tinuous or non-continuous, perfect or non-perfect).
ĺ there are 4 TYPES OF VERB FORMS:
1. pure tense forms;
2. tense-aspect forms;
3. tense-correlation forms;
4. tense-aspect-correlation forms.
ĺ one verb form can express 3 or 4 different semantic ideas
NEUTRALIZATION OF THE OPPOSITION WITHIN A VERBAL
CATEGORY
o = neutralization of the marked member of the opposition = in some specific
contexts the unmarked member is used to express the more specific meaning
which is normally expressed by the marked member.
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Forms: the             The Perfect form,              The Non-Perfect form,
opposition of          marked analytically                 unmarked:
                                                – pure tense forms (Simple) &
                                                – tense-aspect forms (Continuous)
Meaning          Priority to a reference point Simultaneity with the time indi-
                                                cated in the verb form
Type of oppo-                   Binary, partly equipollent, partly privative
sition


o Although THE VERBAL CATEGORIES OF TENSE, ASPECT AND
CORRELATION express 3 different characteristics of the verbal action, they
should be discussed together as they ARE EXPRESSED IN THE SAME
SYSTEM OF FORMS (= each verb form is either past or present or future, con-
tinuous or non-continuous, perfect or non-perfect).


� there are 4 TYPES OF VERB FORMS:
1. pure tense forms;
2. tense-aspect forms;
3. tense-correlation forms;
4. tense-aspect-correlation forms.


� one verb form can express 3 or 4 different semantic ideas



NEUTRALIZATION            OF    THE    OPPOSITION        WITHIN     A    VERBAL
CATEGORY


o = neutralization of the marked member of the opposition = in some specific
contexts the unmarked member is used to express the more specific meaning
which is normally expressed by the marked member.

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