Английский язык. Методические указания. Жесткова М.В. - 22 стр.

UptoLike

ВУЗ: 

СамГУПС | Самара

Составители: 

Рубрика: 

working out their own project, which represents a significant improvement on the London
system.
The engineering difficulties were great mainly because much of the soil was composed
of running sand*. Fortunately most of the running sand lay close to the surface and it was found
possible to use out-and-cover method** of construction under many of the streets. However, in
the city center where the line is 100 ft or deeper, the construction of tunnels was necessary.
The Moscow Underground consists of a circle line, which runs round the city center,
several radial lines crossing the city and connecting with each other and the lines running to the
countryside. Some constructional work is still going on. Now the length of the underground
lines reaches about 300 km.
At present, the Moscow Metro handles more than five million passengers each day.
During peak hours trains run at a speed of 90 km/h with the intervals of about 80 seconds. One
train takes up to 1,500 passengers. For greater safety of travel, all trains are inspected every 6-9
hours of running. Being in operation for about 13 hours daily each Metro train covers the
distance equal to that from Moscow to St. Petersburg. The trains servicing the Underground are
supplied with low voltage direct current. The current is obtained from the third rail by special
devices that are mounted beneath the motor coaches. Rolling stock is completely replaced
approximately once every four years.
The Moscow Metro can compete with the underground railways in any of the European
capitals in level of automation. At present, the experiments are being conducted with an
“automatic driver”, i.e. with computer-controlled trains. The computer devices will help to
relieve the nervous strain on the drivers and make it possible to increase the cruising speed***
of trains even more. These automatic devices have already been tested over the Circle Route by
way of experiment.
Notes
: *running sand – сыпучий песок, плывун
**cut-and-cover method – открытый метод (строительства)
***cruising speed – эксплуатационная скорость
XI. Ответьте на общие вопросы в соответствии с содержанием текста.
1. Was the possibility of constructing Metro in Moscow discussed before the revolution
for the first time?
2. Did the building of the Moscow Underground begin in 1917?
3. Does the project of the Moscow Metro represent a significant improvement on the
London system?
4. Were all lines constructed, using out-and-cover method?
5. Does the Moscow Metro consist of a circle line and 2 radial ones?
6. Is the construction of the Metro still going on?
7. Do Metro trains run with the intervals of about 8 minutes during peak hours?
8. Are all trains inspected for greater safety of travel every week?
9. Can the Moscow Metro compete with the underground lines of other countries in level
of automation?
10. Will an “automatic driver” replace hard man’s labor in future?

Страницы