Английский язык. Методические указания. Жесткова М.В. - 25 стр.

UptoLike

ВУЗ: 

СамГУПС | Самара

Составители: 

Рубрика: 

Simple suspension bridges were made by means of ropes and are still used in some
countries. Two parallel ropes were suspended from rocks or trees on each bank of the river with
a platform of woven mats laid across them. When the Spaniards reached South America, they
found that the Incas** of Peru used suspension bridges made of 6 strong cables, four of which
supported a platform and two cables served as handrails***.
In Middle Ages, people constructed wooden beam type bridges. They were usually built
on stone piers or wooden piles. Bridges of this type are still used in Japan and India.
With the beginning of railway construction in the 19
th
century, there was a great demand
for bridges and the railway companies had capital for building them. The first railway bridges
were built of stone or brick. Later there appeared concrete and metal bridges. The first iron
bridge crossed the river Severn in Great Britain.
Nowadays some people are experimenting with different unusual materials. One of them
is paper. Nobody considers paper to be a very strong material. However, paper-makers have
another opinion. In order to prove it they built a paper bridge across a narrow canyon in
Nevada. The bridge had a span of 32 ft****. The designers calculated that it could safety span
80 ft. It took engineers only two months to design the bridge, to test and construct it.
For testing, the engineers chose a truck, which weighed 12,000 lb*****. This truck drove
quite safely across the paper bridge. The engineers are sure that the bridge can take six times
the truckload of 12,000 lb.
The bridge itself weighed 9,000 lb. Therefore, the structure was light enough to be laid
into place by helicopter.
Notes
: *material close at hand – подручный материал
**Incas – Инки
***handrails – поручни
****ft – фут
*****lb – фунт
XI. Ответьте на общие вопросы в соответствии с содержанием текста.
1. Were the first bridges made of steel?
2. Did people construct wooden beam type bridges in Middle Ages?
3. Was there a great demand for railway bridges in the 19
th
century?
4. Are people experimenting with different unusual materials for constructing bridges?
5. Do paper-makers consider paper to be a strong material?
6. Was a paper bridge built across the river?
7. Is paper a widely used material for the bridge construction?
8. Did it take engineers only 2 years to construct the bridge made of paper?
9. Did engineers choose a train for testing the paper bridge?
10. Can a paper bridge be laid into place by helicopter?
ВАРИАНТ 4
I. Перепишите и переведите предложения, обращая внимание на
употребление времён группы Continuous (Present, Past, Future) и группы Perfect
(Present, Past, Future) в действительном и страдательном залогах. Выпишите
сказуемые и укажите их видовременные формы.
1. The stationmaster said that no trains had arrived at the station during the night because
of the heavy snowstorm in the mountains. 2. The business day was in high gear: the mail was

Страницы