Задачи по теоретической механике. Манаков Н.Л - 78 стр.

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˙p
i
= {H, p
i
}, ˙q
i
= {H, q
i
}.
p
i
q
i
q
0
i
= q
i
+ δq
i
{L, x} = {r, L
x
} = [r × i] {L, y} = {r, L
y
} = [r × j]
{L, z} = {r, L
z
} = [r × k];
{L, p
x
} = {p, L
x
} = [p × i] {L, p
y
} = {p, L
y
} = [p × j]
{L, p
z
} = {p, L
z
} = [p × k];
{L, L
x
} = [L × i] {L, L
y
} = [L × j] {L, L
z
} = [L × k]
r p L i j
k
{p, r
2
} {p
2
, r} {p, (a · r)} {(a · p), r}
{L
i
, p
2
} {L
i
, r
2
} {L, (r · p)} {(a · p), (b · r)}
b
2r 2p a a 0 0 0 (a · b)
r p, ϕ(r, p)
{L, ϕ(r, p)} = 0.
L
L = i · L
x
+ j · L
y
+ k · L
z
{L, ϕ(r, p)} = i{L
x
, ϕ(r, p)} + j{L
y
, ϕ(r, p)} + k {L
y
, ϕ(r, p)}.
{L
x
, ϕ(r, p)} =
L
x
p
x
·
ϕ
x
L
x
x
·
ϕ
p
x
+
L
x
p
y
·
ϕ
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L
x
y
·
ϕ
p
y
+
Çàäà÷à 8.12. Ïîêàçàòü, ÷òî êàíîíè÷åñêèå óðàâíåíèÿ Ãàìèëüòîíà ìîãóò áûòü
çàïèñàíû â âèäå: ṗi = {H, pi },    q̇i = {H, qi }.

Çàäà÷à 8.13. Äîêàçàòü, èñïîëüçóÿ ñêîáêè Ïóàññîíà, ÷òî îáîáù¼ííûé èì-
ïóëüñ pi åñòü èíòåãðàë äâèæåíèÿ, åñëè ôóíêöèÿ Ãàìèëüòîíà íå ìåíÿåòñÿ ïðè
ïðåîáðàçîâàíèè qi → qi0 = qi + δqi .

Çàäà÷à 8.14. Äîêàçàòü òîæäåñòâà:
   à) {L, x} = {r, Lx } = [r × i], {L, y} = {r, Ly } = [r × j],

                            {L, z} = {r, Lz } = [r × k];

á) {L, px } = {p, Lx } = [p × i], {L, py } = {p, Ly } = [p × j],

                           {L, pz } = {p, Lz } = [p × k];

â) {L, Lx } = [L × i], {L, Ly } = [L × j], {L, Lz } = [L × k],
   ãäå r  ðàäèóñ-âåêòîð, p  èìïóëüñ, L  ìîìåíò èìïóëüñà ÷àñòèöû, i, j,
k  åäèíè÷íûå îðòû äåêàðòîâà áàçèñà.

Çàäà÷à 8.15. Âû÷èñëèòü ñêîáêè Ïóàññîíà:
à) {p, r2 }; á) {p2 , r}; â) {p, (a · r)}; ã) {(a · p), r}
ä) {Li , p2 }; å) {Li , r2 }; æ) {L, (r · p)}; ç) {(a · p), (b · r)};
ãäå a è b  ïîñòîÿííûå âåêòîðû.
Îòâåò : à) 2r; á) 2p; â) a;      ã) a; ä) 0;    å) 0; æ) 0; ç) (a · b).

Çàäà÷à 8.16. Ïîêàçàòü, ÷òî äëÿ ïðîèçâîëüíîé ñêàëÿðíîé ôóíêöèè ðàäèóñà-
âåêòîðà r è èìïóëüñà p,       ϕ(r, p)

     {L, ϕ(r, p)} = 0.                                                       (8.29)

Ðåøåíèå . Ðàçëîæèâ âåêòîð L ïî äåêàðòîâó áàçèñó

                             L = i · Lx + j · Ly + k · Lz

è âîñïîëüçîâàâøèñü äèñòðèáóòèâíîñòüþ ñêîáîê Ïóàññîíà (8.10), ïîëó÷èì:

     {L, ϕ(r, p)} = i{Lx , ϕ(r, p)} + j{Ly , ϕ(r, p)} + k {Ly , ϕ(r, p)} .   (8.30)

Ðàññìîòðèì îäíó èç òðåõ ñêîáîê Ïóàññîíà â ïîñëåäíåì âûðàæåíèè, íàïðèìåð,
                          ∂Lx ∂ϕ ∂Lx ∂ϕ     ∂Lx ∂ϕ ∂Lx ∂ϕ
       {Lx , ϕ(r, p)} =      ·   −   ·    +    ·   −    ·   +
                          ∂px ∂x   ∂x ∂px   ∂py ∂y   ∂y ∂py

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