Иностранный язык: Контрольные работы по английскому языку для студентов 3-4 курса специальности 030401 - "История". Мартемьянова Н.В - 16 стр.

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said, “that I have deserved any fame and I have no taste for it”. But since his death
his name has brought fame and glory to others.
    4. He was born in Stockholm on October 21, 1833, but moved to Russia with
his parents in 1843, where his father, Immanuel, made a strong position for
himself in the engineering industry. Immanuel Nobel invented the landmine and
made a lot of money from government orders for it during the Crimean War, but
went bankrupt soon after.
    5. Most of the family returned to Sweden in 1859, where Alfred rejoined them
in 1863, beginning his own study of explosives in his father’s laboratory. He had
never been to school or university but had studied privately and by the time he was
twenty was a skillful chemist and excellent linguist, speaking Swedish, Russian,
German, French and English. Like his father, Alfred Nobel was imaginative and
inventive, but had better luck in business and showed more financial sense.
    6. He was quick to see industrial openings for his scientific inventions and he
built up over eighty companies in twenty countries. Indeed, his greatness lay in his
outstanding ability to combine the qualities of an original scientist with those of a
forward looking industrialist.
    7. But Nobel’s main concern was never with making money or even with
making scientific discoveries. Seldom happy, he was always searching for a
meaning of life, and from his youth had taken a serious interest in literature and
philosophy.
    8. Perhaps because he could not find ordinary human love – he never married –
he came to care deeply about the whole of mankind. He was always generous to
the poor:”I’d rather take care of the stomach of the living than the glory of the
dead in the form of stone memorials”, he once said. His greatest wish, however,
was to see the end to wars, and he spent much time and money working for this
cause until his death in Italy in 1896.
   9. His famous will, in which he left money to provide prizes for outstanding
work in physics, chemistry, physiology, medicine, literature and peace, is a
memorial to his interests and ideals. And so, the man who felt he should have died
at birth is remembered and respected long after his death.

TEXT 3

   1. The colonists had finished building their homes before winter came. The
winter was very frosty. Blinding snow fell and covered the forests. Great cakes of
ice blocked the river, and the colonists could not go to the mainland for fire –
wood.
    2. Soon it grew so cold that most of the French wished they had never come
there. They suffered from cold and hunger. There was nothing to eat but salt meat
and dries vegetables. Thirty-five of the seventy-nine Frenchmen died before
spring.
   3. In the spring of 1605 the colonists decided to move to a Scotia. The houses
they built there were more suitable for sheltering them in any weather.